Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.
Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Health, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; School of Social Work, University of Connecticut, Hartford, Connecticut.
J Adolesc Health. 2024 Nov;75(5):827-835. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2024.06.025. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
Few reports include more than 1-2 social identities when examining organized sport and physical activity (PA) participation among adolescents. We used a quantitative intersectional approach to examine disparities in adolescent sport and PA lesson participation.
Ninth and 11th grade 2022 Minnesota Student Survey participants (N = 62,940) self-reported social identities and team sport and PA lessons. Social identities included sex assigned at birth, gender modality, sexual identity, racial and ethnic identity, access to resources (i.e., economic status), weight status, and mental health/behavioral/emotional problems. We used Exhaustive Chi-square Automatic Interaction Detection to identify prevalence of participation among adolescents with different intersecting social identities.
Half of the sample played sports and one-quarter participated in PA lessons. Participation varied substantially at the intersections of social identities. Whereas participants in the highest prevalence sports participation groups were predominantly White, heterosexual, and had high resource access, participants in the lowest prevalence groups held multiple marginalized social identities: only 12.8% of adolescents with least access to resources who were questioning their gender identity and sexual identity, or who reported a sexual identity not listed, participated in sports. Regarding PA lessons, youth in the highest prevalence groups were predominantly heterosexual, had highest access to resources, and were youth of color; by comparison, most of the lowest prevalence groups comprised youth who had medium/low resource access and/or high body mass index, and often a diverse sexual, gender, or racial/ethnic identity.
Multiply marginalized adolescents are under-represented in sports and PA lessons. Organizations should address interlocking barriers to participation.
当研究青少年有组织的体育运动和体育活动（PA）参与时，很少有报告包含超过 1-2 种社会身份。我们使用定量交叉方法来研究青少年运动和 PA 课程参与的差异。
2022 年明尼苏达州学生调查的 9 年级和 11 年级参与者（N=62940）自我报告了社会身份以及团队运动和 PA 课程。社会身份包括出生时的性别、性别模式、性取向、种族和民族身份、获取资源的机会（即经济状况）、体重状况和心理健康/行为/情绪问题。我们使用穷尽性卡方自动交互检测来识别具有不同交叉社会身份的青少年的参与率。
样本中有一半的人参加了体育运动，四分之一的人参加了 PA 课程。在不同的社会身份交叉点，参与率差异很大。虽然最高参与率的运动群体的参与者主要是白人、异性恋者和资源获取较多的群体，但最低参与率群体则拥有多种边缘化的社会身份：只有 12.8%的资源获取最少的青少年对自己的性别认同和性取向感到质疑，或者报告了未列出的性取向，他们参加了运动。关于 PA 课程，最高参与率群体的青少年主要是异性恋者，资源获取最多，且多为有色人种；相比之下，大多数最低参与率群体主要由资源获取中等/较低且身体质量指数较高的青少年组成，他们通常具有多样化的性、性别或种族/民族身份。
多重边缘化的青少年在体育运动和 PA 课程中的代表性不足。组织应解决参与的连锁障碍。
