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转化生长因子-β 在犬恶性乳腺肿瘤中的作用：与血管生成、免疫标志物的关系及预后作用。

TGFβ in malignant canine mammary tumors: relation with angiogenesis, immunologic markers and prognostic role.

机构信息

MVET Research in Veterinary Medicine. Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Lusófona University - Lisbon Centre, Lisboa, Portugal.

CEB - Centre of Biological Engineering, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal.

出版信息

Vet Q. 2024 Dec;44(1):1-12. doi: 10.1080/01652176.2024.2390941. Epub 2024 Aug 20.

DOI:10.1080/01652176.2024.2390941
PMID:39165025
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11340227/
Abstract

Transforming growth factor-β (TGFβ) and FoxP3 regulatory T cells (Treg) are involved in human breast carcinogenesis. This topic is not well documented in canine mammary tumors (CMT). In this work, the tumoral TGFβ expression was assessed by immunohistochemistry in 67 malignant CMT and its correlation to previously determined FoxP3, VEGF, and CD31 markers and other clinicopathologic parameters was evaluated. The high levels of TGFβ were statistically significantly associated with skin ulceration, tumor necrosis, high histological grade of malignancy (HGM), presence of neoplastic intravascular emboli and presence of lymph node metastases. The observed levels of TGFβ were positively correlated with intratumoral FoxP3 (strong correlation), VEGF (weak correlation) and CD31 (moderate correlation). Tumors that presented a concurrent high expression of TGFβ/FoxP3, TGFβ/VEGF, and TGFβ/CD31 markers were statistically significantly associated with parameters of tumor malignancy (high HGM, presence of vascular emboli and nodal metastasis). Additionally, shorter overall survival (OS) time was statistically significantly associated with tumors with an abundant TGFβ expression and with concurrent high expression of TGFβ/FoxP3, TGFβ/VEGF, and TGFβ/CD31. The presence of lymph node metastasis increased 11 times the risk of disease-related death, arising as an independent predictor of poor prognosis in the multivariable analysis. In conclusion, TGFβ and Treg cells seem involved in tumor progression emerging as potential therapeutic targets for future immunotherapy studies.

摘要

转化生长因子-β（TGFβ）和 FoxP3 调节性 T 细胞（Treg）参与了人类乳腺癌的发生。这一主题在犬乳腺肿瘤（CMT）中没有很好的记录。在这项工作中，通过免疫组织化学评估了 67 例恶性 CMT 中的肿瘤 TGFβ 表达，并评估了其与先前确定的 FoxP3、VEGF 和 CD31 标志物以及其他临床病理参数的相关性。高水平的 TGFβ 与皮肤溃疡、肿瘤坏死、高组织学恶性程度（HGM）、肿瘤内血管内栓塞的存在以及淋巴结转移的存在具有统计学显著相关性。观察到的 TGFβ 水平与肿瘤内 FoxP3（强相关性）、VEGF（弱相关性）和 CD31（中等相关性）呈正相关。同时表达 TGFβ/FoxP3、TGFβ/VEGF 和 TGFβ/CD31 标志物的肿瘤与肿瘤恶性程度的参数（高 HGM、血管栓塞和淋巴结转移的存在）具有统计学显著相关性。此外，TGFβ 表达丰富的肿瘤和 TGFβ/FoxP3、TGFβ/VEGF 和 TGFβ/CD31 同时高表达的肿瘤的总生存（OS）时间明显缩短。淋巴结转移的存在使疾病相关死亡的风险增加了 11 倍，成为多变量分析中预后不良的独立预测因素。总之，TGFβ 和 Treg 细胞似乎参与了肿瘤的进展，它们可能成为未来免疫治疗研究的潜在治疗靶点。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/ce4c246e4acf/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0008_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/9192a1eb99aa/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0001_C.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/7c4b2b2d8489/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0002_C.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/9e0f7fa9750c/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0003_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/8b40abd25b6b/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0004_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/58a88c02899c/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0005_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/ca0f408f9af6/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0006_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/83b4e76e30c4/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0007_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/ce4c246e4acf/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0008_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/9192a1eb99aa/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0001_C.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/7c4b2b2d8489/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0002_C.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/9e0f7fa9750c/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0003_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/8b40abd25b6b/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0004_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/58a88c02899c/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0005_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/ca0f408f9af6/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0006_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/83b4e76e30c4/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0007_B.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/b892/11340227/ce4c246e4acf/TVEQ_A_2390941_F0008_B.jpg

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