Wei Zhao, Athertya Jiyo S, Chung Christine B, Bydder Graeme M, Chang Eric Y, Du Jiang, Wenhui Yang, Ma Yajun
Institute of Electrical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Department of Radiology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, California, USA.
J Magn Reson Imaging. 2025 Apr;61(4):1552-1571. doi: 10.1002/jmri.29562. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
The cartilaginous endplate (CEP) plays a pivotal role in facilitating the supply of nutrients and, transport of metabolic waste, as well as providing mechanical support for the intervertebral disc (IVD). Recent technological advances have led to a surge in MR imaging studies focused on the CEP. This article describes the anatomy and functions of the CEP as well as MRI techniques for both qualitative and quantitative assessment of the CEP. Effective CEP MR imaging sequences require two key features: high spatial resolution and relatively short echo time. High spatial resolution spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) and ultrashort echo time (UTE) sequences, fulfilling these requirements, are the basis for most of the sequences employed in CEP imaging. This article reviews existing sequences for qualitative CEP imaging, such as the fat-suppressed SPGR and UTE, dual-echo subtraction UTE, inversion recovery prepared and fat-suppressed UTE, and dual inversion recovery prepared UTE sequences. These sequences are employed together with other techniques for quantitative CEP imaging, including measurements of T*, T, T, T, magnetization transfer, perfusion, and diffusion tensor parameters. EVIDENCE LEVEL: 1 TECHNICAL EFFICACY: Stage 2.
软骨终板（CEP）在促进营养物质供应、代谢废物运输以及为椎间盘（IVD）提供机械支撑方面发挥着关键作用。最近的技术进步导致聚焦于CEP的磁共振成像（MR）研究激增。本文描述了CEP的解剖结构和功能，以及用于CEP定性和定量评估的MRI技术。有效的CEP MR成像序列需要两个关键特征：高空间分辨率和相对短的回波时间。满足这些要求的高空间分辨率扰相梯度回波（SPGR）和超短回波时间（UTE）序列，是CEP成像中使用的大多数序列的基础。本文回顾了用于CEP定性成像的现有序列，如脂肪抑制SPGR和UTE、双回波减法UTE、反转恢复准备和脂肪抑制UTE以及双反转恢复准备UTE序列。这些序列与用于CEP定量成像的其他技术一起使用，包括T*、T、T、T、磁化传递、灌注和扩散张量参数的测量。证据水平：1 技术疗效：2级。
