Liu Ya-Ru, Wang Jie-Quan, Fang Ling, Xia Quan
Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
The Grade 3 Pharmaceutical Chemistry Laboratory of State Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Hefei, 230022, People's Republic of China.
J Inflamm Res. 2024 Aug 16;17:5475-5494. doi: 10.2147/JIR.S469032. eCollection 2024.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory disease whose precise pathogenesis remains mysterious. The involvement of epigenetic regulation in the pathogenesis of RA is one of the most anticipated findings, among which non-coding RNAs (ncRNAs) hold great application promise as diagnostic and therapeutic biomarkers for RA. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) are a heterogeneous group of nano-sized, membrane-enclosed vesicles that mediate intercellular communication and substance exchange, especially the transfer of ncRNAs from donor cells, thereby regulating the functional activities and biological processes of recipient cells. In light of the significant correlation between EVs, ncRNAs, and RA, we first documented expression levels of EVs and their-encapsulated ncRNAs in RA individuals, and methodically discussed their-implicated signaling pathways and phenotypic changes. The last but not least, we paied special attention to the therapeutic benefits of gene therapy reagents specifically imitating or silencing candidate ncRNAs with exosomes as carriers on RA animal models, and briefly highlighted their clinical application advantage and foreground. In conclusion, the present review may be conducive to a deeper comprehension of the diagnostic and therapeutic roles of EVs-enwrapped ncRNAs in RA, with special emphasis on exosomal ncRNAs, which may offer hints for the monitoring and treatment of RA.
类风湿关节炎（RA）是一种全身性炎症性疾病，其确切发病机制仍不清楚。表观遗传调控参与RA发病机制是最令人期待的发现之一，其中非编码RNA（ncRNAs）作为RA的诊断和治疗生物标志物具有巨大的应用前景。细胞外囊泡（EVs）是一组异质性的纳米级膜包被囊泡，介导细胞间通讯和物质交换，特别是ncRNAs从供体细胞的转移，从而调节受体细胞的功能活动和生物学过程。鉴于EVs、ncRNAs与RA之间的显著相关性，我们首先记录了RA患者中EVs及其包裹的ncRNAs的表达水平，并系统地讨论了它们涉及的信号通路和表型变化。最后但同样重要的是，我们特别关注以exosomes为载体的特异性模拟或沉默候选ncRNAs的基因治疗试剂对RA动物模型的治疗益处，并简要强调了它们的临床应用优势和前景。总之，本综述可能有助于更深入地理解包裹在EVs中的ncRNAs在RA中的诊断和治疗作用，特别强调exosomal ncRNAs，这可能为RA的监测和治疗提供线索。
