Gupta Preeya K, Toyos Rolando, Sheppard John D, Toyos Melissa, Mah Francis S, Bird Brian, Theriot Pamela E, Higgins Don
Triangle Eye Consultants, Raleigh, NC, USA.
Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA, USA.
Clin Ophthalmol. 2024 Aug 16;18:2283-2302. doi: 10.2147/OPTH.S465143. eCollection 2024.
Dry eye disease (DED) is a common, multifactorial ocular disease impacting 5% to 20% of people in Western countries and 45% to 70% in Asian countries. Despite the prevalence of DED and the number of treatment approaches available, signs and symptoms of the disease continue to limit the quality of life for many patients. Standard over-the-counter treatment approaches and behavior/environmental modifications may help some cases but more persistent forms often require pharmacological interventions. Approved and investigational pharmaceutical approaches attempt to treat the signs and symptoms of DED in different ways and tend to have varying tolerability among patients. While several pharmacological approaches are the standard for persistent and severe disease, mechanical options provide alternate treatment modalities that attempt to balance efficacy and comfort. Newer approaches target the causes of DED, utilizing novel delivery methods to minimize irritation and adverse events. Here, we review approved and investigational approaches to treating DED and compare patient tolerability.
干眼病（DED）是一种常见的多因素眼病，在西方国家影响5%至20%的人群，在亚洲国家影响45%至70%的人群。尽管干眼病患病率高且有多种治疗方法，但该疾病的体征和症状仍然限制着许多患者的生活质量。标准的非处方治疗方法以及行为/环境调整可能对某些病例有帮助，但更顽固的病例通常需要药物干预。已批准和正在研究的药物治疗方法试图以不同方式治疗干眼病的体征和症状，并且在患者中的耐受性往往各不相同。虽然几种药物治疗方法是持续性和重度疾病的标准治疗方法，但机械治疗方法提供了其他治疗方式，试图在疗效和舒适度之间取得平衡。更新的方法针对干眼病的病因，采用新型给药方式以尽量减少刺激和不良事件。在此，我们综述已批准和正在研究的干眼病治疗方法，并比较患者的耐受性。
