Sakai Takayuki, Sasaki Yu, Abe Yasuhiko, Shoji Masakuni, Nishise Shoichi, Sato Hidenori, Yagi Makoto, Mizumoto Naoko, Onozato Yusuke, Takashi Kon, Miyano Yuki, Murakami Ryoko, Umehara Matsuki, Nakamura Shuhei, Ito Minami, Watabe Takahiro, Tsuchiya Hiroko, Goto Hiroki, Miura Takahiro, Sato Ryo, Ueno Yoshiyuki
Faculty of Medicine, Department of Gastroenterology, Yamagata University, Yamagata, Japan.
Division of Endoscopy, Yamagata University Hospital, Yamagata, Japan.
Gastro Hep Adv. 2024 Mar 11;3(5):573-582. doi: 10.1016/j.gastha.2024.02.010. eCollection 2024.
The increasing prevalence of obesity has significantly contributed to the global burden of colorectal cancer and the precancerous colorectal adenoma (CRA). Gut microbiota vary at each stage of colorectal carcinogenesis and participate in energy homeostasis. Elucidating gut microbiotal characteristics in obesity-related CRA may help prevent and treat colorectal tumors; however, this remains unclarified. Therefore, this study investigated the gut microbiota profile of patients with obesity-related CRA.
This hospital setting-based cross-sectional study included 113 participants (66 [without CRA control group] and 37 [with CRA group]; each group was divided into obese and nonobese groups) who underwent screening colonoscopy between June 2019 and January 2020. Gut microbiota were analyzed using 16S rRNA and polymerase chain reaction techniques and the data compared between the aforementioned groups.
No between-group difference was observed in the diversity index; however, α diversity was the lowest in the obese CRA group. The CRA group had significantly higher and lower numbers of 26 and 17 genera, respectively. Genus was significantly lower in the obese CRA group than in the nonobese CRA group. Multivariate analysis of the quartiles according to genus relative abundance rates revealed that the first quartile was an independent risk factor for CRA (odds ratio, 3.57; 95% confidence interval 1.19-10.7). The proportion of equol reductase-positive participants was lowest in the obese CRA group ( = .04). Multivariate odds ratio for CRA was 5.46 (95% confidence interval 1.35-22.0) for genus and equol reductase-negative participants.
Decreased abundance of genus and absence of equol reductase potentially influence obesity-related CRA development.
肥胖患病率的不断上升显著增加了全球结直肠癌及癌前结直肠腺瘤（CRA）的负担。肠道微生物群在结直肠癌发生的各个阶段各不相同，并参与能量稳态调节。阐明肥胖相关CRA中的肠道微生物特征可能有助于预防和治疗结直肠肿瘤；然而，这一点仍未明确。因此，本研究调查了肥胖相关CRA患者的肠道微生物群特征。
本项基于医院的横断面研究纳入了113名参与者（66名[无CRA对照组]和37名[有CRA组]；每组又分为肥胖组和非肥胖组），这些参与者于2019年6月至2020年1月期间接受了结肠镜筛查。使用16S rRNA和聚合酶链反应技术分析肠道微生物群，并对上述组间数据进行比较。
在多样性指数方面未观察到组间差异；然而，α多样性在肥胖CRA组中最低。CRA组中分别有26个属的数量显著增加，17个属的数量显著减少。肥胖CRA组中的 属显著低于非肥胖CRA组。根据 属相对丰度率对四分位数进行多变量分析显示，第一四分位数是CRA的独立危险因素（比值比，3.57；95%置信区间1.19 - 10.7）。雌马酚还原酶阳性参与者的比例在肥胖CRA组中最低（ = 0.04）。对于 属和雌马酚还原酶阴性参与者，CRA的多变量比值比为5.46（95%置信区间1.35 - 22.0）。
属丰度降低和雌马酚还原酶缺乏可能影响肥胖相关CRA的发生发展。
