McKay Samuel, Meza Jocelyn I
Orygen, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Centre for Youth Mental Health, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia.
Front Psychol. 2024 Aug 6;15:1418185. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1418185. eCollection 2024.
The rising incidence of suicide-related thoughts and behaviors among international students presents a significant public health challenge and growing concern among college campuses. Current intervention strategies often rely on Western-centric and colonized approaches developed and tested with primarily Western, Educated, Industrialized, Rich and Democratic (WEIRD) samples. Exclusion and historical underrepresentation of ethnoracially minoritized groups in suicide prevention treatment trials create gaps in advancing our science because they often miss the cultural contextualization crucial for effective prevention and intervention in diverse groups from different countries of origin. To address the limitations of these Western-centric strategies, we explored existing prevention recommendations and approaches through the lens of an expanded version of the newly developed Protective Factors Framework, tailored for non-Western cultural perspectives. We propose significant opportunities for enhancing current practices and point to promising future directions. The primary areas for development include: (1) bolstering community empowerment and ownership, (2) refining mechanisms of change to encompass multicultural viewpoints, and (3) focusing on effective implementation and thorough evaluation for ongoing refinement. This methodology not only shows promise for enhancing international student suicide prevention but also offers insights for broader application in suicide prevention among other culturally diverse populations.
国际学生中与自杀相关的想法和行为的发生率不断上升，这对公共卫生构成了重大挑战，并在大学校园中引发了越来越多的关注。当前的干预策略往往依赖于以西方为中心且经过殖民化的方法，这些方法主要是针对西方、受过教育、工业化、富裕和民主（WEIRD）的样本开发和测试的。在自杀预防治疗试验中，少数族裔群体被排除在外且历史上代表性不足，这在推进我们的科学方面造成了差距，因为它们常常忽略了对于有效预防和干预来自不同原籍国的不同群体至关重要的文化背景。为了应对这些以西方为中心的策略的局限性，我们通过新开发的保护因素框架的扩展版本，从非西方文化视角出发，探索了现有的预防建议和方法。我们提出了改进当前做法的重大机会，并指出了有前景的未来方向。主要的发展领域包括：（1）增强社区赋权和自主性，（2）完善变革机制以涵盖多元文化观点，（3）专注于有效实施和全面评估以便持续改进。这种方法不仅有望加强对国际学生自杀的预防，还为在其他文化多元群体的自杀预防中更广泛地应用提供了见解。
