Attah-Otu Bernard, Sengupta Angan, McAleavy Tony
Amrita School for Sustainable Futures, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Amritapuri, Kerala, India.
Amrita School of Business, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham University, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
Front Sociol. 2024 Aug 6;9:1422602. doi: 10.3389/fsoc.2024.1422602. eCollection 2024.
Temporary labor migration is a household phenomenon among rural communities in India. This study seeks to understand the subjective experiences influencing the temporariness of labor migration among internal migrants in India by examining various factors such as migration conditions, motivation, migration arrangements, coping and adaptation strategies, and determinants of stay. To achieve this objective, the current qualitative study utilized 14 in-depth interviews and 2 focus group discussions to investigate the temporary nature of labor migration among internal migrants in India. Our findings reveal that migration decisions are rational choices made collectively at the household level, considering socio-economic outcomes. We also find that social networks and contractors facilitate migration arrangements and job connections, and migrants employ various strategies to reduce costs and cope with expenses in urban areas. However, migration destinations often fail to meet migrants' expectations, exposing them to low-wage employment and precarious working and living conditions, which are detrimental to their health. Limited housing and sanitation facilities further contribute to the challenges faced by migrants. Work conditions, including poor wages and high job demands, also affect their well-being. These findings highlight the need for improved support systems that address accommodation challenges, work conditions, and the overall welfare of labor migrants.
临时劳务移民是印度农村社区的一种家庭现象。本研究旨在通过考察诸如移民条件、动机、移民安排、应对和适应策略以及停留的决定因素等各种因素，来了解影响印度国内移民劳务移民临时性的主观体验。为实现这一目标，当前的定性研究利用了14次深度访谈和2次焦点小组讨论，来调查印度国内移民劳务移民的临时性本质。我们的研究结果表明，移民决策是家庭层面综合考虑社会经济结果后做出的理性选择。我们还发现，社会网络和承包商促进了移民安排和工作联系，移民采用各种策略来降低成本并应对城市地区的开支。然而，移民目的地往往无法满足移民的期望，使他们面临低薪就业以及不稳定的工作和生活条件，这对他们的健康有害。有限的住房和卫生设施进一步加剧了移民所面临的挑战。工作条件，包括低工资和高工作要求，也影响他们的福祉。这些研究结果凸显了改善支持系统的必要性，该系统应解决住宿挑战、工作条件以及劳务移民的整体福利问题。
