Wang Yi, Tian Jing, Yang Qingxuan
Weinan Normal University, School of Physical Education, Weinan, China.
Weinan Normal University, School of Foreign Languages, Weinan, China.
Psychiatry Clin Psychopharmacol. 2024 Jun 1;34(2):179-190. doi: 10.5152/pcp.2024.23777. eCollection 2024 Jun.
Experiential avoidance refers to a phenomenon in which individuals exhibit an unwillingness to engage with certain personal experiences, including physical sensations, emotions, thoughts, memories, and behavioral tendencies. They employ cognition and emotions to avoid these experiences. Extensive research has linked experiential avoidance to various mental diseases, conduct disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. While the existing literature highlights the significance of understanding experiential avoidance as a central mechanism underlying psychological symptomatology development and maintenance, further investigation is required to comprehend its dimensions and mechanisms fully. Therefore, this article aims to provide a comprehensive review of the current theories and empirical evidence on experiential avoidance while elucidating its association with psychopathology. We propose a model of experiential avoidance processes based on an extensive review and critical analysis of the previous emotion regulation model that integrates expressive suppression and cognitive reappraisal during emotion regulation through experiential avoidance. This proposed model seeks to explain both the formation and maintenance aspects of experiential avoidance by offering valuable insights for future research. We also examined the association between experiential avoidance and various psychiatric disorders, including anxiety, depression, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Elaborating on these mechanisms provides a roadmap for future research endeavors and clinical interventions.
经验性回避是指个体表现出不愿面对某些个人经历的现象，这些经历包括身体感觉、情绪、想法、记忆和行为倾向。他们运用认知和情绪来避免这些经历。大量研究已将经验性回避与各种精神疾病、品行障碍和创伤后应激障碍联系起来。虽然现有文献强调了将经验性回避理解为心理症状发展和维持的核心机制的重要性，但仍需要进一步研究以全面理解其维度和机制。因此，本文旨在对当前关于经验性回避的理论和实证证据进行全面综述，同时阐明其与精神病理学的关联。我们在对先前情绪调节模型进行广泛综述和批判性分析的基础上，提出了一个经验性回避过程模型，该模型通过经验性回避在情绪调节过程中整合了表达抑制和认知重评。这个提出的模型旨在通过为未来研究提供有价值的见解来解释经验性回避的形成和维持方面。我们还研究了经验性回避与各种精神障碍之间的关联，包括焦虑症、抑郁症、强迫症和创伤后应激障碍。详细阐述这些机制为未来的研究工作和临床干预提供了路线图。
