O Jiaqing, Aspden Trefor, Thomas Andrew G, Chang Lei, Ho Moon-Ho Ringo, Li Norman P, van Vugt Mark
Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, United Kingdom.
School of Psychology, Swansea University, United Kingdom.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 23;10(15):e34997. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34997. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
Identifying an integrative framework that could appropriately delineate underlying mechanisms and individual risk/protective factors for human health has remained elusive. Evolutionary mismatch theory provides a comprehensive, integrative model for understanding the underlying causes and mechanisms of a wide range of modern health and well-being problems, ranging from obesity to depression. Despite growing interest regarding its importance though, no psychometrically-sound measure of evolutionary mismatch yet exists to facilitate research and intervention. To construct such a scale, aimed at gauging individual differences in the extent to which people's modern lifestyles are mismatched with ancestral conditions, we conducted four studies (a pilot study, followed by 3 main studies, with a final sample of 1901 participants across the main studies). Results from exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses have produced a 36-item evolutionary mismatched lifestyle scale (EMLS) with 7 subdomains of mismatched behaviours (e.g., diet, physical activity, relationships, social media use) that is psychometrically sound. Further, the EMLS is associated with physical, mental and subjective health. We explore the potential of the EMLS as a tool for examining interpersonal and cultural variations in health and wellbeing, while also discussing the limitations of the scale and future directions in relation to further psychometric examinations.
确定一个能够恰当描述人类健康潜在机制以及个体风险/保护因素的综合框架一直难以实现。进化不匹配理论提供了一个全面的综合模型，用于理解从肥胖到抑郁等一系列现代健康和幸福问题的潜在原因和机制。尽管人们对其重要性的兴趣日益浓厚，但目前还没有一个心理测量学上可靠的进化不匹配测量方法来促进研究和干预。为了构建这样一个量表，旨在衡量人们现代生活方式与祖先条件不匹配程度的个体差异，我们进行了四项研究（一项试点研究，随后是三项主要研究，主要研究的最终样本为1901名参与者）。探索性和验证性因素分析的结果产生了一个包含36个项目的进化不匹配生活方式量表（EMLS），该量表有7个不匹配行为子领域（如饮食、体育活动、人际关系、社交媒体使用），在心理测量学上是可靠的。此外，EMLS与身体、心理和主观健康相关。我们探讨了EMLS作为一种工具在研究健康和幸福方面人际和文化差异的潜力，同时也讨论了该量表的局限性以及与进一步心理测量学检验相关的未来方向。
