Department of Psychology, Aberystwyth University, Aberystwyth, UK.
, Plymouth, UK.
Curr Psychiatry Rep. 2021 Apr 2;23(5):28. doi: 10.1007/s11920-021-01239-7.
For the most part of human existence, individuals have been living a rural lifestyle in a rural setting. However, such sleep-conducive conditions have largely been transformed dramatically by urbanization within a relatively short span of time in recent history, and the resulting evolved mechanisms-environment mismatch is theorized to bring about an increased risk for insomnia symptoms. This brief review of the recent literature is designed to evaluate the veracity of this proposition.
The majority of recent findings have suggested that most proposed evolutionarily mismatched urban factors are indeed related to the presence of insomnia symptoms. However, there is a general paucity of longitudinal evidence (and for some other factors, a lack of enough evidence of any kind). Although there is a preponderance of recent findings indicating a link between evolutionarily mismatched urban phenomena and insomnia symptoms, more longitudinal data are needed before any causative conclusion can be drawn.
在人类历史的大部分时间里，个体一直生活在农村环境中的农村生活方式中。然而，在近代历史的相对短时间内，城市化极大地改变了这种有利于睡眠的环境，由此产生的进化机制与环境不匹配被认为会增加失眠症状的风险。本综述近期文献旨在评估这一观点的真实性。
大多数最近的研究结果表明，大多数提出的与进化不匹配的城市因素确实与失眠症状的存在有关。然而，目前普遍缺乏纵向证据（对于其他一些因素，缺乏任何类型的足够证据）。尽管最近的研究结果表明，进化不匹配的城市现象与失眠症状之间存在联系，但在得出任何因果结论之前，还需要更多的纵向数据。
