College of Oceanography and Ecological Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai, China.
Institute of Marine Biology, National Taiwan Ocean University, Keelung, Taiwan.
mSystems. 2024 Sep 17;9(9):e0014824. doi: 10.1128/msystems.00148-24. Epub 2024 Aug 21.
Enhancing the availability of representative isolates from hydrothermal vents (HTVs) is imperative for comprehending the microbial processes that propel the vent ecosystem. In recent years, Campylobacteria have emerged as the predominant and ubiquitous taxon across both shallow and deep-sea vent systems. Nevertheless, only a few isolates have been cultured, primarily originating from deep-sea HTVs. Presently, no cultivable isolates of Campylobacteria are accessible in shallow water vent systems (<200 m), which exhibit markedly distinct environmental conditions from their deep-sea counterparts. In this study, we enriched a novel isolate (genus , Campylobacteria) from shallow-water HTVs of Kueishan Island. Genomic and physiological analysis revealed that this novel Campylobacteria species grows on a variety of substrate and carbon/energy sources. The pan-genome and phenotypic comparisons with 12 previously isolated species from different environments supported the identification of functional features in genomes crucial for adaptation to vent environments, such as sulfur oxidation, carbon fixation, biofilm formation, and benzoate/toluene degradation, as well as diverse genes related with signal transportation. To conclude, the metabolic characteristics of this novel Campylobacteria augment our understanding of Campylobacteria spanning from deep-sea to shallow-water vent systems.IMPORTANCECampylobacteria emerge as the dominant and ubiquitous taxa within vent systems, playing important roles in the vent ecosystems. However, isolated representatives of Campylobacteria have been mainly from the deep-sea hydrothermal fields, leaving a significant knowledge gap regarding the functions, activities, and adaptation strategies of the vent microorganisms in shallow-water hydrothermal vents (HTVs). This study bridges this gap by providing insights into the phenomics and genomic diversity of genus (order Campylobacterales, class Campylobacteria) based on data derived from a novel isolate obtained from shallow-water HTVs. Our mesophilic isolate of not only augments the genus diversity of Campylobacteria pure cultures derived from vent systems but also serves as the inaugural reference isolate for Campylobacteria in shallow-water environments.
增强热液喷口（HTVs）中具有代表性的分离物的可得性对于理解推动喷口生态系统的微生物过程至关重要。近年来，弯曲菌已成为浅海和深海喷口系统中主要且普遍存在的分类群。然而，仅有少数分离株被培养，主要来自深海 HTV。目前，在浅水区 HTV（<200 米）中无法获得可培养的弯曲菌分离株，这些分离株的环境条件与深海 HTV 明显不同。在这项研究中，我们从龟山岛的浅水区 HTV 中富集了一种新型的弯曲菌（属）分离株。基因组和生理分析表明，这种新型的弯曲菌物种可以在多种基质和碳/能源来源上生长。与来自不同环境的 12 种先前分离的 种的全基因组和表型比较支持了对 基因组中适应喷口环境的功能特征的鉴定，例如硫氧化、碳固定、生物膜形成和苯甲酸/甲苯降解，以及与信号转导相关的多种基因。总之，这种新型弯曲菌的代谢特征增加了我们对从深海到浅水区喷口系统的弯曲菌的理解。
重要性
弯曲菌是喷口系统中的优势和普遍存在的分类群，在喷口生态系统中发挥着重要作用。然而，弯曲菌的分离代表主要来自深海热液场，这使得我们对浅水区热液喷口（HTVs）中喷口微生物的功能、活动和适应策略知之甚少。本研究通过提供基于从浅水区 HTV 获得的新型分离株的数据，为属（弯曲杆菌目，弯曲杆菌纲）的表型和基因组多样性提供了新的见解，填补了这一空白。我们的中温属 分离株不仅增加了从喷口系统获得的弯曲菌纯培养物的属多样性，而且也是浅水区环境中弯曲菌的首个参考分离株。
