Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province, 330000 China.
Second Clinical Medical School, Nanchang University, Jiangxi Province 330000, China.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2024 Oct;179:117296. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117296. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
Over the past decades, cancer immunotherapy has encountered challenges such as immunogenicity, inefficiency, and cytotoxicity. Consequently, exosome-based cancer immunotherapy has gained rapid traction as a promising alternative. Exosomes, a type of extracellular vesicles (EVs) ranging from 50 to 150 nm, are self-originating and exhibit fewer side effects compared to traditional therapies. Exosome-based immunotherapy encompasses three significant areas: cancer vaccination, co-inhibitory checkpoints, and adoptive T-cell therapy. Each of these fields leverages the inherent advantages of exosomes, demonstrating substantial potential for individualized tumor therapy and precision medicine. This review aims to elucidate the reasons behind the promise of exosome-based nanoparticles as cancer therapies by examining their characteristics and summarizing the latest research advancements in cancer immunotherapy.
在过去的几十年中，癌症免疫疗法面临着诸如免疫原性、效率低下和细胞毒性等挑战。因此，基于外泌体的癌症免疫疗法作为一种有前途的替代方法得到了快速发展。外泌体是一种源自细胞的 50 到 150nm 大小的细胞外囊泡，与传统疗法相比，其具有更少的副作用。基于外泌体的免疫疗法包括三个重要领域：癌症疫苗接种、共抑制检查点和过继性 T 细胞疗法。这些领域中的每一个都利用了外泌体的固有优势，为个体化肿瘤治疗和精准医学展示了巨大的潜力。本综述旨在通过考察外泌体纳米颗粒的特性并总结癌症免疫疗法的最新研究进展，阐明其作为癌症治疗方法的前景。
