Saleh Tayebeh, Shojaosadati Seyed Abbas
a Department of Nanobiotechnology , Faculty of Biological Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran.
b Biotechnology Group, Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Tarbiat Modares University , Tehran , Iran.
Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Jul 2;12(7):1863-75. doi: 10.1080/21645515.2016.1147635. Epub 2016 Feb 22.
During the last decades significant progress has been made in the field of cancer immunotherapy. However, cancer vaccines have not been successful in clinical trials due to poor immunogenicity of antigen, limitations of safety associated with traditional systemic delivery as well as the complex regulation of the immune system in tumor microenvironment. In recent years, nanotechnology-based delivery systems have attracted great interest in the field of immunotherapy since they provide new opportunities to fight the cancer. In particular, for delivery of cancer vaccines, multifunctional nanoparticles present many advantages such as targeted delivery to immune cells, co-delivery of therapeutic agents, reduced adverse outcomes, blocked immune checkpoint molecules, and amplify immune activation via the use of stimuli-responsive or immunostimulatory materials. In this review article, we highlight recent progress and future promise of multifunctional nanoparticles that have been applied to enhance the efficiency of cancer vaccines.
在过去几十年中，癌症免疫治疗领域取得了重大进展。然而，由于抗原免疫原性差、传统全身给药的安全性限制以及肿瘤微环境中免疫系统的复杂调节，癌症疫苗在临床试验中尚未取得成功。近年来，基于纳米技术的递送系统在免疫治疗领域引起了极大兴趣，因为它们为对抗癌症提供了新的机会。特别是对于癌症疫苗的递送，多功能纳米颗粒具有许多优点，例如靶向递送至免疫细胞、共递送治疗剂、减少不良后果、阻断免疫检查点分子以及通过使用刺激响应或免疫刺激材料增强免疫激活。在这篇综述文章中，我们重点介绍了已应用于提高癌症疫苗效率的多功能纳米颗粒的最新进展和未来前景。
