Devi Naorem Bela, Pugazhenthi Gopal, Pakshirajan Kannan
Department of Biosciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
Department of Chemical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati 781039, Assam, India.
Trends Biotechnol. 2025 Jan;43(1):111-130. doi: 10.1016/j.tibtech.2024.07.008. Epub 2024 Aug 20.
Fossil fuel use drives greenhouse gas emissions and climate change, highlighting the need for alternatives like biomass-derived syngas. Syngas, mainly H and CO, is produced via biomass gasification and offers a solution to environmental challenges. Syngas fermentation through the Wood-Ljungdahl pathway yields valuable chemicals under mild conditions. However, challenges in scaling up persist due to issues like unpredictable syngas composition and microbial fermentation contamination. This review covers advancements in genetic tools and metabolic engineering to expand product range, highlighting crucial enabling technologies that expedite strain development for acetogens and other non-model organisms. This review paper provides an in-depth exploration of syngas fermentation, covering microorganisms, gas composition effects, separation techniques, techno economic analysis, and commercialization efforts.
化石燃料的使用导致温室气体排放和气候变化，凸显了对生物质衍生合成气等替代能源的需求。合成气主要由氢气和一氧化碳组成，通过生物质气化产生，为环境挑战提供了解决方案。通过伍德-龙格达尔途径进行的合成气发酵可在温和条件下产生有价值的化学品。然而，由于合成气成分不可预测和微生物发酵污染等问题，扩大规模仍面临挑战。本综述涵盖了遗传工具和代谢工程方面的进展，以扩大产品范围，强调了加速产乙酸菌和其他非模式生物菌株开发的关键使能技术。这篇综述文章对合成气发酵进行了深入探讨，涵盖了微生物、气体成分影响、分离技术、技术经济分析和商业化努力。
