Pirmoghni Amin, Shahmoradi B, Taymoori P, Bagheri Asghar, Nasrollahi Parisa, Karimi Zhino, Mohammadian Farough, Emami Naier, Choi H J
Student Research Committee, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Department of Environmental Health Engineering, Faculty of Health, Kurdistan University of Medical Sciences, Sanandaj, Iran.
Heliyon. 2024 Aug 3;10(15):e35794. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35794. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
Widespread and indiscriminate use of pesticides has become one of the most important environmental and public health problems around the world. This study was conducted with the aim of applying the theory of planned behavior model to investigate the knowledge, attitude, and behavior of tomato growers in the face of pesticides in agricultural lands located in Kurdistan province, western Iran. We included 300 tomato growers in this study and they filled up a standard TPB questionnaire containing questions about basic information, knowledge, attitude and behavior about pesticides and their actions for disposing of the residual spray solution, washing place of pesticide sprayer, and the disposal of water from washing the equipment. Most of the respondents, 86.7 %, had not participated in promotional classes on how to dispose of the residual solution. Approximately 46.15, 38.46, and 15.39 % of pesticides contained moderately toxic, slightly toxic and practically non-toxic compounds, respectively. More than two-thirds (89 %) of the tomato growers stated that they leave the water from washing the equipment in the field. In addition, among the three variables of TPB, attitudes had the highest score (3.38), which indicated the positive to relatively neutral attitude of farmers towards the safe use of pesticides. These findings can be useful for planners and environmental organizations to make effective interventions to reduce environmental pollution caused by pesticides. Since the incorrect use of pesticides is one of the important environmental and health factors, education and awareness programs can help farmers to consider the correct use of pesticides and environmental protection more.
农药的广泛和随意使用已成为全球最重要的环境和公共卫生问题之一。本研究旨在应用计划行为理论模型，调查伊朗西部库尔德斯坦省农田中番茄种植者面对农药时的知识、态度和行为。本研究纳入了300名番茄种植者，他们填写了一份标准的计划行为理论问卷，其中包含有关基本信息、关于农药的知识、态度和行为以及他们处理残留喷雾溶液的行动、农药喷雾器的清洗地点和设备清洗废水的处理等问题。大多数受访者（86.7%）没有参加过关于如何处理残留溶液的推广课程。分别约有46.15%、38.46%和15.39%的农药含有中等毒性、低毒性和实际无毒的化合物。超过三分之二（89%）的番茄种植者表示，他们将设备清洗废水留在田间。此外，在计划行为理论的三个变量中，态度得分最高（3.38），这表明农民对安全使用农药的态度从积极到相对中立。这些发现对于规划者和环境组织进行有效干预以减少农药造成的环境污染可能是有用的。由于农药的不当使用是重要的环境和健康因素之一，教育和提高认识计划可以帮助农民更多地考虑农药的正确使用和环境保护。
