Nazrin A, Kuan T M, Mansour Diaa-Eldin A, Farade Rizwan A, Ariffin A Mohd, Rahman M S Abd, Abdul Wahab Noor Izzri Bin
Department of Science and Technology, Faculty of Humanities, Management and Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia Bintulu Campus, Bintulu, 97008, Sarawak, Malaysia.
Institute of Power Engineering, Department of Electrical and Electronics Engineering, College of Engineering, Universiti Tenaga Nasional, Jalan IKRAM-UNITEN, 43000, Kajang, Selangor, Malaysia.
Heliyon. 2024 Jul 22;10(15):e34737. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34737. eCollection 2024 Aug 15.
Throughout the history of power systems, power cables have been used to securely and efficiently distribute electrical energy to the destined locations. Cross-linked polyethylene (XLPE), a commonly used insulator in high-voltage cables, have several desirable properties, such as low dielectric loss, high dielectric constant, high thermal conductivity, enhanced thermal stability, and superior resistance against electrical stress. However, further improvements of XLPE's performance are needed. The incorporation of large specific surface area nanoparticles, such as boron nitride nanosheets and graphene oxide, exhibited a great potential in enhancing XLPE's properties. These nanoparticles create numerous trapping sites, even at small loading levels, due to their large interfacial regions. In addition, voltage stabilisers with polar groups can scavenge high-energy electrons generated by local electric fields, thereby inhibiting the electrical tree growth. Another important aspect of enhancing XLPE's dielectric performance is the inclusion of antioxidants with phenolic groups. These antioxidants react with peroxyl radicals, mitigating their harmful effects. This review summarises the effects of nanoparticles, voltage stabilisers, antioxidants, and polymer amalgamation on dielectric performance of XLPE as an insulation material. The major challenges in dielectric insulation such as breakdown voltage strength, electrical tree growth, structural defect, space charge accumulation, and thermal aging are addressed.
在电力系统的历史中，电力电缆一直被用于安全、高效地将电能分配到指定位置。交联聚乙烯（XLPE）是高压电缆中常用的绝缘体，具有多种理想特性，如低介电损耗、高介电常数、高导热性、增强的热稳定性以及卓越的抗电应力能力。然而，XLPE的性能仍需进一步改进。掺入大比表面积的纳米颗粒，如氮化硼纳米片和氧化石墨烯，在提升XLPE性能方面展现出巨大潜力。这些纳米颗粒由于其大的界面区域，即使在低负载水平下也能产生大量陷阱位点。此外，带有极性基团的电压稳定剂可以清除局部电场产生的高能电子，从而抑制电树枝生长。增强XLPE介电性能的另一个重要方面是加入含酚基的抗氧化剂。这些抗氧化剂与过氧自由基反应，减轻其有害影响。本综述总结了纳米颗粒、电压稳定剂、抗氧化剂和聚合物融合对作为绝缘材料的XLPE介电性能的影响。还讨论了介电绝缘中的主要挑战，如击穿电压强度、电树枝生长、结构缺陷、空间电荷积累和热老化。
