Wu Wenqian, Li Zhiwei, Wang Yongqiang, Huang Chuan, Zhang Tiantian, Zhao Hongmei
The State Key Laboratory of Complex, Severe, and Rare Diseases, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Department of Pathophysiology, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
State Key Laboratory of Respiratory Health and Multimorbidity, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100005, China.
Chin Med J Pulm Crit Care Med. 2023 Dec 8;1(4):223-230. doi: 10.1016/j.pccm.2023.10.001. eCollection 2023 Dec.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a chronic lung disease with limited airflow. COPD is characterized by chronic bronchitis and emphysema, and is often accompanied by malnutrition with fatigue, muscle weakness, and an increased risk of infection. Although the pulmonary function test is used as the gold criterion for diagnosing COPD, it is unable to identify early COPD or classify the subtypes, thereby impeding early intervention and the precise diagnosis of COPD. Recent evidence suggests that metabolic dysfunction, such as changes in lipids, amino acids, glucose, nucleotides, and microbial metabolites in the lungs and intestine, have a great potential for diagnosing COPD in the early stage. However, a comprehensive summary of these metabolites and their effects on COPD is still lacking. This review summarizes the metabolites that are changed in COPD and highlights some promising early diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets. We emphasize that intensified dietary management may be among the most feasible methods to improve metabolism in the body.
慢性阻塞性肺疾病（COPD）是一种气流受限的慢性肺部疾病。COPD的特征是慢性支气管炎和肺气肿，常伴有营养不良，表现为疲劳、肌肉无力以及感染风险增加。尽管肺功能测试被用作诊断COPD的金标准，但它无法识别早期COPD或对其进行亚型分类，从而阻碍了COPD的早期干预和精确诊断。最近的证据表明，代谢功能障碍，如肺和肠道中脂质、氨基酸、葡萄糖、核苷酸及微生物代谢产物的变化，在早期诊断COPD方面具有很大潜力。然而，目前仍缺乏对这些代谢产物及其对COPD影响的全面总结。本综述总结了COPD中发生变化的代谢产物，并强调了一些有前景的早期诊断标志物和治疗靶点。我们强调，强化饮食管理可能是改善机体代谢最可行的方法之一。
