Molina Ana, Martínez María, Montero Eduardo, Carasol Miguel, Herrera David, Figuero Elena, Sanz Mariano
ETEP (Etiology and Therapy of Periodontal and Peri-implant Diseases) Research Group, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
J Periodontal Res. 2024 Aug 22. doi: 10.1111/jre.13340.
Periodontitis and cardiovascular diseases (CVD) are highly prevalent non-communicable diseases, sharing an inflammatory pathogenesis and common risk factors. The objective of the present research is to assess the association between periodontitis and cardiovascular disease risk in a representative sample of the Spanish-employed population.
Cross-sectional data were obtained between 2008 and 2011 in the Workers' Oral Health (WORALTH) epidemiological study. Periodontal examinations were based on the evaluation of clinical attachment loss (CAL) and community periodontal index (CPI). Participants also underwent a medical check-up and answered a comprehensive health questionnaire. With this information, participants were categorized into three levels of CVD risk using the systemic coronary risk estimation (SCORE) algorithm for low-risk European countries. Crude and adjusted odds ratios (ORs) were determined with multiple logistic regression models for the association between periodontal status and CVD risk.
Data from 4224 individuals were analyzed. The overall prevalence of high CVD risk (SCORE ≥ 5%) was 5.1%. The prevalence of SCORE ≥ 5% was 3.4%, 9.4%, and 15.2% for CAL 0-3 mm, 4-5 mm, and ≥6 mm, respectively (p < .001), and 6.2%, 6.5%, and 14.6% for CPI ≤2, 3, and 4, respectively (p < .001). Individuals with CPI = 4 presented an OR of 1.50 (95% confidence interval, CI [1.04; 2.17]) for high SCORE values, after adjusting for confounders (age, sex, and smoking habit).
Periodontitis, defined by the presence of deep periodontal pockets (≥6 mm), was significantly associated with high CVD risk (SCORE ≥ 5%) in a representative sample of the employed population in Spain.
牙周炎和心血管疾病（CVD）是高度流行的非传染性疾病，具有共同的炎症发病机制和常见危险因素。本研究的目的是在西班牙就业人群的代表性样本中评估牙周炎与心血管疾病风险之间的关联。
2008年至2011年期间，在工人口腔健康（WORALTH）流行病学研究中获取横断面数据。牙周检查基于临床附着丧失（CAL）和社区牙周指数（CPI）的评估。参与者还接受了医学检查并回答了一份全面的健康问卷。利用这些信息，使用针对低风险欧洲国家的系统性冠状动脉风险评估（SCORE）算法，将参与者分为三个心血管疾病风险水平。采用多元逻辑回归模型确定牙周状况与心血管疾病风险之间关联的粗比值比（OR）和调整后的比值比。
分析了4224人的数据。心血管疾病高风险（SCORE≥5%）的总体患病率为5.1%。CAL为0 - 3毫米、4 - 5毫米和≥6毫米时，SCORE≥5%的患病率分别为3.4%、9.4%和15.2%（p <.001）；CPI分别为≤2、3和4时，患病率分别为6.2%、6.5%和14.6%（p <.001）。在校正混杂因素（年龄、性别和吸烟习惯）后，CPI = 4的个体SCORE值高时的OR为1.50（95%置信区间，CI [1.04; 2.17]）。
在西班牙就业人群的代表性样本中，由深牙周袋（≥6毫米）定义的牙周炎与心血管疾病高风险（SCORE≥5%）显著相关。
