Hoffman F A
Cancer. 1985 Jan 1;55(1 Suppl):295-300. doi: 10.1002/1097-0142(19850101)55:1+<295::aid-cncr2820551315>3.0.co;2-x.
Several major factors may influence the micronutrient requirements of the patient with cancer. These factors include the metabolic state of the malignancy and its effects on host metabolism, the catabolic effects of antineoplastic therapy, and other physiologic stresses commonly associated with the treatment of cancer, i.e., surgery, fever and infection. Although the nutritional importance of vitamins, minerals and trace elements is recognized, the optimal daily dose that will preserve lean body mass without enhancing tumor growth, is not known. Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDAs), where established, are based on populations with nonmalignant diseases. However, supplementation with vitamins, minerals, and certain trace elements is recommended for the cancer patient who requires prolonged parenteral support, since clinically relevant deficiency states have been described. The effect of malignancy on the metabolism of several of these micronutrients (iron, ascorbic acid, alpha tocopherol, selenium, zinc, copper) is discussed.
有几个主要因素可能会影响癌症患者的微量营养素需求。这些因素包括恶性肿瘤的代谢状态及其对宿主代谢的影响、抗肿瘤治疗的分解代谢作用，以及通常与癌症治疗相关的其他生理应激，即手术、发热和感染。尽管维生素、矿物质和微量元素的营养重要性已得到认可，但既能维持瘦体重又不促进肿瘤生长的最佳每日剂量尚不清楚。已确立的推荐膳食摄入量（RDA）是基于患有非恶性疾病的人群。然而，对于需要长期肠外营养支持的癌症患者，建议补充维生素、矿物质和某些微量元素，因为临床上已描述了相关的缺乏状态。本文讨论了恶性肿瘤对其中几种微量营养素（铁、抗坏血酸、α-生育酚、硒、锌、铜）代谢的影响。
