Sajjadi Mohaddeseh, Nasrollahzadeh Mahmoud, Ghafuri Hossein
Catalysts and Organic Synthesis Research Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Iran University of Science and Technology, Tehran 16846-13114, Iran.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Qom, Qom 37185-359, Iran.
Carbohydr Polym. 2024 Nov 1;343:122443. doi: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2024.122443. Epub 2024 Jul 2.
Nature-inspired chitosan (CS) materials show a high potential for the design/fabrication of sustainable heterogeneous (nano)materials with extraordinary structural/physical features, such as superior biodegradability/biocompatibility, simplicity of chemical modification, environmental safety, high availability, cost-effectiveness, high electrochemical activity, good film-forming ability, and antioxidant, antimicrobial/antibacterial, and anticoagulant activities. Industrialization and growth of industrial wastes or by-products induce an increasing demand for the development of clean, low-cost, and renewable natural systems to minimize or eliminate the utilization of environmentally toxic compounds. The preparation of novel heterogeneous functionalized polysaccharide-inspired bio(nano)materials via chemical modifications of natural CS to improve its physicochemical/biochemical properties has recently become tremendously attractive for many researchers. The most abundantly available and cost-effective functionalized CS-inspired (nano)materials are considerably valuable in terms of the economic aspects of production of (nano)catalysts, (nano)hydrogels, (nano)composite/blend membranes, and thus their commercialization. In this respect, the preparation of functionalized CS-inspired (nano)materials containing -SOH groups has been represented as a valid alternative to the homogenous unmodified biomaterials for various applications. Sulfonated derivatives of CS-inspired (nano)materials may possess huge surface areas, catalytic activity, adsorption, and biological/biomedical properties. This review article is aimed at the investigation of different methods and potential applications of sulfonated CS-inspired (nano)materials in catalysis, fuel cells, adsorption of ions, membranes, and biological applications.
受自然启发的壳聚糖（CS）材料在设计/制造具有非凡结构/物理特性的可持续多相（纳米）材料方面具有很高的潜力，这些特性包括卓越的生物降解性/生物相容性、化学改性简单、环境安全性高、可用性高、成本效益高、高电化学活性、良好的成膜能力以及抗氧化、抗菌/抑菌和抗凝血活性。工业的发展以及工业废料或副产品的增加，促使人们对开发清洁、低成本和可再生的天然系统的需求不断增加，以尽量减少或消除对环境有毒化合物的使用。通过对天然CS进行化学改性来制备新型多相功能化多糖基生物（纳米）材料，以改善其物理化学/生物化学性质，最近已成为许多研究人员极具吸引力的研究方向。就（纳米）催化剂、（纳米）水凝胶、（纳米）复合/共混膜生产的经济方面而言，最丰富且具有成本效益的受CS启发的功能化（纳米）材料具有相当大的价值，因此它们具有商业化潜力。在这方面，制备含有 -SOH 基团的受CS启发的功能化（纳米）材料已被视为各种应用中均质未改性生物材料的有效替代品。受CS启发的（纳米）材料的磺化衍生物可能具有巨大的表面积、催化活性、吸附性以及生物/生物医学特性。这篇综述文章旨在研究磺化受CS启发的（纳米）材料在催化、燃料电池、离子吸附、膜以及生物应用中的不同方法和潜在应用。
