Department of Botany and Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Alexandria University, Alexandria, 21511, Egypt.
Plant Protection and Biomolecular Diagnosis Department, Arid Lands Cultivation Research Institute, City of Scientific Research and Technological Applications, Alexandria, 21934, Egypt.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 22;14(1):19565. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-69492-3.
The present study focused on the impact of infection with the tobacco mosaic virus (TMV). Specifically, changes in phytochemicals and gene activity related to pathogenesis-related and phenylpropanoid pathway genes in tomato plants (Solanum lycopersicum L.) during a period of 2-14 days post-inoculation (dpi). According to TEM investigation and coat protein sequence analysis, the purified TMV Egyptian AM isolate (PP133743) has a rod-shaped structure with a diameter of around 110 nm. The RT-qPCR analysis revealed that PR-1 showed an initial increase after TMV infection, as seen in the time-course analysis. In contrast, PR-2 was consistently elevated throughout the infection, suggesting a stronger reaction to the virus and suppressing PAL expression at 6 to 14 dpi. The expression levels of HQT and CHS transcripts exhibited alternating patterns of up-regulation and down-regulation at different time intervals. The HPLC and GC-MS analysis of control- and TMV-infected tomato extracts revealed that different phenolic, flavonoid, and fatty acid compounds were increased (such as naringenin, rutin, flavone, ferulic acid, and pyrogallol) or significantly decreased (such as salicylic acid and chlorogenic acid) after TMV infection. The ability of TMV to inhibit most polyphenolic compounds could potentially accelerate the viral life cycle. Consequently, focusing on enhancing the levels of such suppressed compounds may be critical for developing plant viral infection management strategies.
本研究关注的是感染烟草花叶病毒（TMV）的影响。具体来说，在接种后 2-14 天（dpi）期间，番茄植株（Solanum lycopersicum L.）中与病程相关和苯丙烷途径基因相关的植物化学物质和基因活性的变化。根据 TEM 调查和外壳蛋白序列分析，纯化的 TMV 埃及 AM 分离物（PP133743）具有棒状结构，直径约为 110nm。RT-qPCR 分析显示，PR-1 在 TMV 感染后初期增加，如时间过程分析所示。相比之下，PR-2 在整个感染过程中持续升高，表明对病毒的反应更强，并在 6 至 14dpi 时抑制 PAL 表达。HQT 和 CHS 转录物的表达水平在不同时间间隔表现出上调和下调的交替模式。对照和 TMV 感染番茄提取物的 HPLC 和 GC-MS 分析显示，不同的酚类、类黄酮和脂肪酸化合物在 TMV 感染后增加（如柚皮素、芦丁、黄酮、阿魏酸和焦儿茶酚）或显著减少（如水杨酸和绿原酸）。TMV 抑制大多数多酚化合物的能力可能会加速病毒的生命周期。因此，关注增强这些受抑制化合物的水平可能对于开发植物病毒感染管理策略至关重要。
