Louime Clifford Jaylen, Vazquez-Sanchez Frances, Derilus Dieunel, Godoy-Vitorino Filipa
Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00931, USA.
Department of Microbiology & Medical Zoology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico, San Juan, PR 00936, USA.
Microbiol Res (Pavia). 2020 Dec;11(2):45-55. doi: 10.3390/microbiolres11020009. Epub 2020 Dec 21.
Understanding the different factors shaping the spatial and temporal distribution of marine microorganisms is fundamental in predicting their responses to future environmental disturbances. There has been, however, little effort to characterize the microbial diversity including the microbiome dynamics among regions in the Caribbean Sea. Toward this end, this study was designed to gain some critical insights into microbial diversity within the coastal marine ecosystem off the coast of Puerto Rico. Using Illumina MiSeq, the V4 region of the 16S rRNA gene was sequenced with the goal of characterizing the microbial diversity representative of different coastal sites around the island of Puerto Rico. This study provided valuable insights in terms of the local bacterial taxonomic abundance, α and β diversity, and the environmental factors shaping microbial community composition and structure. The most dominant phyla across all 11 sampling sites were the Proteobacteria, Bacteroidetes, and Planctomycetes, while the least dominant taxonomic groups were the NKB19, Tenericutes, OP3, Lentisphaerae, and SAR406. The geographical area (Caribbean and Atlantic seas) and salinity gradients were the main drivers shaping the marine microbial community around the island. Despite stable physical and chemical features of the different sites, a highly dynamic microbiome was observed. This highlights Caribbean waters as one of the richest marine sources for a microbial biodiversity hotspot. The data presented here provide a basis for further temporal evaluations aiming at deciphering microbial taxonomic diversity around the island, while determining how microbes adapt to changes in the climate.
了解影响海洋微生物时空分布的不同因素是预测它们对未来环境干扰反应的基础。然而，人们很少致力于描述加勒比海各区域的微生物多样性，包括微生物群落动态。为此，本研究旨在深入了解波多黎各海岸沿海海洋生态系统中的微生物多样性。使用Illumina MiSeq对16S rRNA基因的V4区域进行测序，目的是描述波多黎各岛周围不同沿海地点的代表性微生物多样性。这项研究在当地细菌分类丰度、α和β多样性以及影响微生物群落组成和结构的环境因素方面提供了有价值的见解。在所有11个采样点中，最主要的门是变形菌门、拟杆菌门和浮霉菌门，而最不占优势的分类群是NKB19、柔膜菌门、OP3、浮霉菌门和SAR406。地理区域（加勒比海和大西洋）和盐度梯度是塑造该岛周围海洋微生物群落的主要驱动因素。尽管不同地点的物理和化学特征稳定，但仍观察到高度动态的微生物群落。这突出了加勒比海水域是微生物生物多样性热点最丰富的海洋来源之一。本文提供的数据为进一步的时间评估提供了基础，旨在解读该岛周围的微生物分类多样性，同时确定微生物如何适应气候变化。
