Department of Pathophysiology, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563000, China.
Department of Physics, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi Guizhou, 563000, China.
Mol Med. 2024 Aug 23;30(1):129. doi: 10.1186/s10020-024-00899-4.
Mitochondria, responsible for cellular energy synthesis and signal transduction, intricately regulate diverse metabolic processes, mediating fundamental biological phenomena such as cell growth, aging, and apoptosis. Tumor invasion and metastasis, key characteristics of malignancies, significantly impact patient prognosis. Tumor cells frequently exhibit metabolic abnormalities in mitochondria, including alterations in metabolic dynamics and changes in the expression of relevant metabolic genes and associated signal transduction pathways. Recent investigations unveil further insights into mitochondrial metabolic abnormalities, revealing their active involvement in tumor cell proliferation, resistance to chemotherapy, and a crucial role in tumor cell invasion and metastasis. This paper comprehensively outlines the latest research advancements in mitochondrial structure and metabolic function. Emphasis is placed on summarizing the role of mitochondrial metabolic abnormalities in tumor invasion and metastasis, including alterations in the mitochondrial genome (mutations), activation of mitochondrial-to-nuclear signaling, and dynamics within the mitochondria, all intricately linked to the processes of tumor invasion and metastasis. In conclusion, the paper discusses unresolved scientific questions in this field, aiming to provide a theoretical foundation and novel perspectives for developing innovative strategies targeting tumor invasion and metastasis based on mitochondrial biology.
线粒体负责细胞能量合成和信号转导，错综复杂地调节着各种代谢过程，介导着细胞生长、衰老和凋亡等基本生物学现象。肿瘤的侵袭和转移是恶性肿瘤的关键特征，对患者的预后有重大影响。肿瘤细胞中经常出现线粒体代谢异常，包括代谢动力学的改变和相关代谢基因的表达变化以及相关信号转导通路的改变。最近的研究揭示了线粒体代谢异常的更多见解，显示其积极参与肿瘤细胞的增殖、对化疗的抵抗，以及在肿瘤细胞侵袭和转移中起着关键作用。本文全面概述了线粒体结构和代谢功能的最新研究进展。重点总结了线粒体代谢异常在肿瘤侵袭和转移中的作用，包括线粒体基因组（突变）的改变、线粒体到核信号的激活以及线粒体动力学的改变，所有这些都与肿瘤侵袭和转移的过程密切相关。总之，本文讨论了该领域未解决的科学问题，旨在为基于线粒体生物学的肿瘤侵袭和转移的创新策略提供理论基础和新的视角。
