Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Department of Endocrinology, RuiJin Hospital Lu Wan Branch, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.
Nutr Res. 2024 Sep;129:28-37. doi: 10.1016/j.nutres.2024.07.001. Epub 2024 Jul 9.
Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) plays a crucial role in leading to obesity-related diseases. However, the association between fruit intake (excluding fruit juice) and VAT is not well-known. We aim to further explore this association in a large population. We hypothesized that higher intact fruit intake would be inversely associated with VAT. A total of 9582 adult participants from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey and the Food Patterns Equivalents Database 2011-2018 were included. Weighted linear regression models were utilized to evaluate the association between intact fruit intake (from two 24-hour dietary recalls) and VAT area (measured by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry). Subgroup analysis was conducted to test the robustness of the results. Restricted cubic spline analysis was performed to find the nonlinear association. The median of intact fruit intake was 0.32 cup-equivalent (eq)/d, and the mean of VAT was 104.87 ± 1.23 cm. Intact fruit intake (increased by 1 cup-eq/d) demonstrated an inverse association with VAT area across three adjusted models, with β(95% confidence interval) values of -7(-8.49, -5.51), -6(-7.50, -4.51), and -3.02(-4.11, -1.94) in model 1, model 2, and model 3, respectively. Subgroup analysis revealed no interactions were found among age, sex, ethnicity, body mass index, and physical activity subgroups. Restricted cubic spline revealed the inverse association was more significant when intact fruit intake was less than 1.7 cups-eq/d. These findings suggest that increasing intact fruit consumption could be an effective public health strategy to mitigate VAT accumulation and associated health risks, advancing our understanding of dietary impacts on adiposity.
过多的内脏脂肪组织（VAT）在导致肥胖相关疾病方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，水果摄入量（不包括果汁）与 VAT 之间的关系尚不清楚。我们旨在进一步探讨这一关联在大人群中的作用。我们假设，更高的完整水果摄入量与 VAT 呈负相关。共有 9582 名来自全国健康和营养检查调查和食物模式等效数据库 2011-2018 的成年参与者被纳入研究。采用加权线性回归模型来评估完整水果摄入量（来自两次 24 小时膳食回忆）与 VAT 面积（通过双能 X 射线吸收法测量）之间的关系。进行亚组分析以检验结果的稳健性。进行限制三次样条分析以发现非线性关联。完整水果摄入量的中位数为 0.32 杯当量（eq）/d，VAT 的平均值为 104.87±1.23cm。完整水果摄入量（增加 1 杯 eq/d）在三个调整模型中均与 VAT 面积呈负相关，模型 1、模型 2 和模型 3 的β（95%置信区间）值分别为-7（-8.49，-5.51）、-6（-7.50，-4.51）和-3.02（-4.11，-1.94）。亚组分析表明，在年龄、性别、种族、体重指数和体力活动亚组中，未发现交互作用。限制三次样条分析显示，当完整水果摄入量小于 1.7 杯 eq/d 时，负相关更为显著。这些发现表明，增加完整水果的摄入量可能是一种有效的公共卫生策略，可以减轻 VAT 的积累和相关的健康风险，从而增进我们对饮食对肥胖影响的理解。
