Department of Orthopaedics, National & Regional United Engineering Lab of Tissue Engineering, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, 30 Gaotanyan Street, Shapingba District, Chongqing, 400038, China.
Department of Cardiology, Southwest Hospital, Army Medical University, Chongqing, 400038, China.
BMC Public Health. 2024 Aug 26;24(1):2314. doi: 10.1186/s12889-024-19810-1.
Previous studies have revealed the effects of different physical activity (PA) types on visceral adipose tissue (VAT) accumulation in individuals with overweight/obesity. However, the independent association (especially the dose-response relationship) between PA and VAT in individuals with and without overweight/obesity remains less explored. Visceral adiposity index (VAI), calculated from waist circumference, body mass index (BMI), triglyceride and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, is a novel indicator of VAT. This study aims to elucidate the association between PA and VAI in participants with and without overweight/obesity.
Participants who are overweight or obese and with complete data on VAI, PA, and other essential covariates from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) database (2015-2018) were included in this study. PA was evaluated by the PA questionnaire and converted into metabolic equivalent task (MET) hours per week (MET-h/wk) based on the suggested MET scores. Multivariate linear regression models were used to identify the association between PA and VAI. Subgroup analyses, combined with interaction tests and restricted cubic spline (RCS) regression analyses, were utilized to explore the stability and nonlinearity of PA-VAI association, respectively.
A total of 4, 312 participants with complete data on PA and VAI was included in this study, with 3, 441 of them being overweight or obese. After adjusting for all potential covariates, increased PA was found to be significantly associated with remarkable lower level of VAI in all participants (β = -0.0004, P = 0.003), participants with (β = -0.0013, P = 0.012) and without (β = -0.0004, P = 0.003) overweight/obesity. Subgroup analyses and interaction tests revealed that the PA-VAI association was not modified by other covariates in individuals with overweight/obesity. Furthermore, RCS analyses revealed that PA was significantly, linearly and negatively associated with VAI in all participants, participants with and without overweight/obesity (all P < 0.05, all P for nonlinearity > 0.05). Noteworthily, as opposed to individuals without overweight/obesity, PA was significantly associated with lower VAI in participants with overweight/obesity after exceeding the threshold of 150 MET-h/wk.
Increased PA was significantly associated with lower level of VAI, but a higher level of PA (> 150 MET-h/wk) was needed to obtain significantly lower level of VAI in individuals with overweight/obesity.
先前的研究已经揭示了不同类型的身体活动（PA）对超重/肥胖个体内脏脂肪组织（VAT）积累的影响。然而，PA 与超重/肥胖个体和非超重/肥胖个体的 VAT 之间的独立关联（尤其是剂量反应关系）仍未得到充分探索。内脏脂肪指数（VAI）是一种新的 VAT 指标，通过腰围、体重指数（BMI）、甘油三酯和高密度脂蛋白胆固醇计算得出。本研究旨在阐明超重/肥胖和非超重/肥胖个体中 PA 与 VAI 之间的关联。
本研究纳入了 2015-2018 年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库中 VAI、PA 和其他必要协变量数据完整的超重或肥胖参与者。PA 通过 PA 问卷进行评估，并根据建议的 MET 评分转换为每周代谢当量任务（MET-h/wk）。采用多变量线性回归模型来确定 PA 与 VAI 之间的关联。采用亚组分析、交互检验和受限立方样条（RCS）回归分析分别探讨 PA-VAI 关联的稳定性和非线性。
本研究共纳入了 4312 名 PA 和 VAI 数据完整的参与者，其中 3441 名为超重或肥胖。在调整所有潜在协变量后，发现所有参与者中 PA 增加与 VAI 水平显著降低相关（β=-0.0004，P=0.003），超重或肥胖者中（β=-0.0013，P=0.012）和非超重或肥胖者中（β=-0.0004，P=0.003）均如此。亚组分析和交互检验显示，在超重或肥胖者中，PA-VAI 关联不受其他协变量的影响。此外，RCS 分析显示，PA 与所有参与者、超重或肥胖者的 VAI 呈显著、线性和负相关（均 P<0.05，均 P 非线性>0.05）。值得注意的是，与非超重或肥胖者相比，在超过 150 MET-h/wk 的阈值后，PA 与超重或肥胖者的 VAI 显著降低相关。
PA 增加与 VAI 水平降低显著相关，但超重/肥胖者需要达到更高的 PA（>150 MET-h/wk）水平才能使 VAI 水平显著降低。
