香烟和电子烟双重使用者在烟草使用、戒烟尝试及戒烟方面的性别差异：美国烟草与健康人口评估研究的纵向结果

Sex differences in tobacco use, attempts to quit smoking, and cessation among dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes: Longitudinal findings from the US Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study.

作者信息

Klemperer Elias M, Kock Loren, Feinstein Marc Jerome P, Coleman Sulamunn R M, Gaalema Diann E, Higgins Stephen T

机构信息

Vermont Center on Behavior & Health, Department of Psychiatry, University of Vermont, United States of America.

出版信息

Prev Med. 2024 Nov;188:108112. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108112. Epub 2024 Aug 24.

DOI:10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.108112

PMID:39181738

Abstract

SIGNIFICANCE

A growing number of adults use more than one tobacco product, with dual use of cigarettes and e-cigarettes being the most common combination. Monitoring sex disparities in tobacco use is a public health priority. However, little is known regarding whether dual users differ by sex.

METHODS

Data came from Waves 4-6 (12/2016-11/2021) of the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health Study, a US nationally-representative longitudinal survey. This analysis included current adult dual users of cigarettes and e-cigarettes. We used weighted generalized estimating equations to assess the association between sex and (1) making a cigarette quit attempt (n = 1882 observations from n = 1526 individuals) and (2) smoking cessation (n = 2081 observations from n = 1688 individuals) across two wave pairs, adjusting for age, education, ethnicity, time-to-first cigarette after waking, and e-cigarette use frequency.

RESULTS

Among US dual users, 14.1% (95% Confidence Intervals [Cl] = 11.9-16.4) of females and 23.4% (20.0-26.9) of males were young adults (aged 18-24), 11.7% (9.2-14.2) of females and 14.4% (11.6-17.2) of males had <high school education, and 82.2% (79.4-84.5) of females and 78.7% (75.1-82.4) of males were white. Overall, 44.9% (41.6-48.1) of females compared with 37.4% (33.5-41.3) of males made an attempt to quit smoking between a baseline and follow-up wave (Adjusted Risk Ratio [ARR] = 1.23, 1.05-1.45). In contrast, there were no apparent differences between females (22.1%, 19.0-25.2) and males (24.3%, 21.5-27.1) in smoking cessation (ARR = 1.06, 0.84-1.35).

CONCLUSION

US females who dually use e-cigarettes and cigarettes were more likely to attempt to quit smoking, but not more likely to succeed at quitting, than males.

摘要

意义

越来越多的成年人使用不止一种烟草产品，其中香烟和电子烟的双重使用是最常见的组合。监测烟草使用中的性别差异是一项公共卫生重点工作。然而，对于双重使用者是否存在性别差异却知之甚少。

方法

数据来自烟草与健康人口评估研究的第4至6波（2016年12月 - 2021年11月），这是一项具有美国全国代表性的纵向调查。该分析纳入了当前同时使用香烟和电子烟的成年双重使用者。我们使用加权广义估计方程来评估性别与以下两项之间的关联：（1）尝试戒烟（来自1526名个体的1882条观察数据），以及（2）戒烟成功（来自1688名个体的2081条观察数据），跨越两个波次对，同时调整年龄、教育程度、种族、醒来后至第一支烟的时间以及电子烟使用频率。

结果

在美国双重使用者中，14.1%（95%置信区间[Cl]=11.9 - 16.4）的女性和23.4%（20.0 - 26.9）的男性为青年（18 - 24岁），11.7%（9.2 - 14.2）的女性和14.4%（11.6 - 17.2）的男性未接受高中教育，82.2%（79.4 - 84.5）的女性和78.7%（75.1 - 82.4）的男性为白人。总体而言，在基线和随访波次之间，44.9%（41.6 - 48.1）的女性与37.4%（33.5 - 41.3）的男性尝试戒烟（调整风险比[ARR]=1.23，1.05 - 1.45）。相比之下，女性（22.1%，19.0 - 25.2）和男性（24.3%，21.5 - 27.1）在戒烟方面没有明显差异（ARR = 1.06，0.84 - 1.35）。