College of Nursing, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, 325035, Zhejiang, China.
Qidong Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital, Qi Dong, Jiangsu, 226200, China.
BMC Geriatr. 2024 Aug 24;24(1):706. doi: 10.1186/s12877-024-05294-6.
Ensuring the wellness of older individuals with disabilities requires prioritising the care needs of their carers. However, current practice lacks validated tools to measure the needs of carers in home environments. Thus, this study aimed to create and test a questionnaire on the care needs of family carers of older people with disabilities in China.
We used a standard development process to generate the questionnaire. The pilot testing included cognitive interviews to ensure interpretation as intended. Furthermore, we used a cross-sectional study method to conveniently select 640 Chinese family carers of older people with disabilities from August 1, 2022, to June 11, 2023, for face-to-face investigation. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) aided in project reduction and factor estimation, with 30 participants undergoing retest evaluations every two weeks. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) assessed the model's structural validity, while internal consistency and retest reliability validated its accuracy.
These tests established the model: content validity, item analysis and EFA. Six factors extracted from the initial analysis explained 62.891% of the observation variance. CFA showed good model fit, and the questionnaire had good reliability and validity. The final questionnaire included 21 items focusing on six dimensions: care assistance (three items), care environment (three items), care information (three items), formal support (four items), care ability (six items) and self-development (two items).
The care needs questionnaire effectively evaluates the needs of family carers in their caring activities.
确保残疾老年人的健康需要优先考虑照顾者的护理需求。然而，目前的实践缺乏经过验证的工具来衡量家庭环境中照顾者的需求。因此，本研究旨在为中国残疾老年人的家庭照顾者制定和测试一份照顾需求问卷。
我们使用标准的开发过程来生成问卷。试点测试包括认知访谈，以确保按预期进行解释。此外，我们使用横断面研究方法，于 2022 年 8 月 1 日至 2023 年 6 月 11 日方便地选择了 640 名中国残疾老年人的家庭照顾者进行面对面调查。探索性因素分析（EFA）有助于项目简化和因素估计，有 30 名参与者每两周进行一次重测评估。验证性因素分析（CFA）评估了模型的结构有效性，而内部一致性和重测可靠性验证了其准确性。
这些测试确定了模型：内容有效性、项目分析和 EFA。从初始分析中提取的六个因素解释了 62.891%的观察方差。CFA 显示出良好的模型拟合度，问卷具有良好的可靠性和有效性。最终问卷包括 21 个项目，重点关注六个维度：照顾援助（三项）、照顾环境（三项）、照顾信息（三项）、正式支持（四项）、照顾能力（六项）和自我发展（两项）。
照顾需求问卷有效地评估了家庭照顾者在照顾活动中的需求。
