Mutagenicity of methyl bromide in a series of short-term tests.

Methyl bromide is commonly used as a soil fumigant in greenhouses. In the framework of a toxicological evaluation, it was tested for possible genotoxic properties in two bacterial test systems (the fluctuation test using Klebsiella pneumoniae and the plate test using Salmonella typhimurium TA100 and TA98), two systems using mammalian cells in vitro (forward mutations at the TK and HPRT loci in L5178Y mouse lymphoma cells and unscheduled DNA synthesis in primary rat-liver cells) and in the sex-linked recessive lethal test using Drosophila melanogaster. Methyl bromide was active in all tests except the DNA-repair assay. The results indicate a relatively low mutagenic efficiency of the compound, as expected from its alkylating properties.