Swedish Centre for Resource Recovery, University of Borås, 501 90 Borås, Sweden.
University of Silesia in Katowice, The Faculty of Natural Science, Institute of Biology, Biotechnology and Environmental Protection, Jagiellońska 28, 40-032 Katowice, Poland; University of Jyväskylä, The Faculty of Mathematics and Science, The Department of Biological and Environmental Science, Survontie 9c, FI-40500 Jyväskylä, Finland.
Sci Total Environ. 2024 Nov 15;951:175752. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.175752. Epub 2024 Aug 23.
Industrial wastewater, often characterized by its proximity to neutral pH, presents a promising opportunity for fungal utilization despite the prevalent preference of fungi for acidic conditions. This review addresses this discrepancy, highlighting the potential of certain industrial wastewaters, particularly those with low pH levels, for fungal biorefinery. Additionally, the economic implications of biomass recovery and compound separation, factors that require explicit were emphasized. Through an in-depth analysis of various industrial sectors, including food processing, textiles, pharmaceuticals, and paper-pulp, this study explores how filamentous fungi can effectively harness the nutrient-rich content of wastewaters to produce valuable resources. The pivotal role of ligninolytic enzymes synthesized by fungi in wastewater purification is examined, as well as their ability to absorb metal contaminants. Furthermore, the diverse benefits of fungal biorefinery are underscored, including the production of protein-rich single-cell protein, biolipids, enzymes, and organic acids, which not only enhance environmental sustainability but also foster economic growth. Finally, the challenges associated with scaling up fungal biorefinery processes for wastewater treatment are critically evaluated, providing valuable insights for future research and industrial implementation. This comprehensive analysis aims to elucidate the potential of fungal biorefinery in addressing industrial wastewater challenges while promoting sustainable resource utilization.
工业废水通常具有接近中性 pH 值的特点，尽管真菌普遍偏好酸性条件，但这为真菌的利用提供了一个有前景的机会。本综述解决了这一差异，强调了某些工业废水（特别是那些 pH 值较低的废水）对于真菌生物炼制的潜力。此外，还强调了生物质回收和化合物分离的经济意义，这些因素需要明确考虑。通过对食品加工、纺织、制药和纸浆等各个工业领域的深入分析，本研究探讨了丝状真菌如何有效地利用废水中富含营养的物质来生产有价值的资源。本文还研究了真菌合成的木质素降解酶在废水净化中的关键作用，以及它们吸收金属污染物的能力。此外，真菌生物炼制的多种好处也得到了强调，包括生产富含蛋白质的单细胞蛋白、生物脂类、酶和有机酸，这不仅增强了环境可持续性，还有助于经济增长。最后，还批判性地评估了扩大真菌生物炼制过程用于处理工业废水的挑战，为未来的研究和工业实施提供了有价值的见解。本全面分析旨在阐明真菌生物炼制在应对工业废水挑战的同时促进可持续资源利用的潜力。
