Prakash Jigyasa, Agrawal Shashi Bhushan, Agrawal Madhoolika
Laboratory of Air Pollution and Global Climate Change, Department of Botany, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005 India.
Physiol Mol Biol Plants. 2024 Aug;30(8):1329-1351. doi: 10.1007/s12298-024-01494-x. Epub 2024 Jul 27.
The current experiment was designed to evaluate the ramifications of simulated acid rain (SAR) on two pea ( L.) cultivars, Kashi Samridhi (Samridhi) and Kashi Nandini (Nandini), to decipher the intraspecific variations in defence mechanism considering the current scenario of rapid anthropogenic activities leading to increase in rain acidity. The pea cultivars were subjected to SAR of pH 7 (Control), 5.6, 5.0, and 4.5 under field conditions. SAR increased active oxygen species and malondialdehyde content due to increased lipid peroxidation in both cultivars; however, the increment intensity was more remarkable in Samridhi at the later growth stage. Ascorbic acid, thiol, and flavonoids were significantly increased in cultivar Nandini, along with increased peroxidase and superoxide dismutase activities. Total phenolics, glutathione reductase, and ascorbate peroxidase activities were enhanced considerably in Samridhi than in Nandini under SAR treatments. Higher stomatal density and stomatal size in Samridhi prompted greater acidic particles influx which further damaged the chloroplast and mitochondria. The present study concludes that cultivar Nandini is more proficient in inducing defence responses by elevating non-enzymatic antioxidants than Samridhi. Non-enzymatic linked defence mechanisms are more metabolically expensive, leading to less biomass accumulation in Nandini. The study depicted that innate defence responses, particularly the role of non-enzymatic antioxidants, governed the sensitivity level of cultivars towards SAR stress. Further, findings also contribute to bridging the knowledge gap regarding the responses of tropical and subtropical crops to acid rain.
The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s12298-024-01494-x.
当前实验旨在评估模拟酸雨（SAR）对两个豌豆（L.）品种——喀什丰收（丰收）和喀什南迪尼（南迪尼）的影响，以解读在当前人为活动迅速增加导致降雨酸度上升的情况下，防御机制的种内差异。在田间条件下，将豌豆品种暴露于pH值为7（对照）、5.6、5.0和4.5的模拟酸雨中。模拟酸雨由于两个品种的脂质过氧化增加而增加了活性氧物质和丙二醛含量；然而，在生长后期，丰收品种的增加强度更为显著。南迪尼品种中的抗坏血酸、硫醇和类黄酮显著增加，同时过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性也增加。在模拟酸雨处理下，丰收品种中的总酚、谷胱甘肽还原酶和抗坏血酸过氧化物酶活性比南迪尼品种显著增强。丰收品种中较高的气孔密度和气孔大小促使更多酸性颗粒流入，进一步损害了叶绿体和线粒体。本研究得出结论，与丰收品种相比，南迪尼品种通过提高非酶抗氧化剂诱导防御反应的能力更强。非酶相关的防御机制在代谢上成本更高，导致南迪尼品种的生物量积累较少。该研究表明，先天防御反应，特别是非酶抗氧化剂的作用，决定了品种对模拟酸雨胁迫的敏感程度。此外，研究结果也有助于填补热带和亚热带作物对酸雨反应方面的知识空白。
在线版本包含可在10.1007/s12298-024-01494-x获取的补充材料。
