Zahra Sana, Asghar Hira, Khan Nousheen, Rana Mehmood Ahmed, Ali Shamsher, Asad Rabia, Siddique Hafiz Muhammad Abu Bakar
Department of Prosthodontics, Multan Medical and Dental College, Multan, PAK.
Science of Dental Materials, Azra Naheed Dental College, Lahore, PAK.
Cureus. 2024 Jul 24;16(7):e65267. doi: 10.7759/cureus.65267. eCollection 2024 Jul.
Background Pregnancy-related periodontal health is vital for maternal and fetal well-being, with implications on birth outcomes. However, comprehensive data on periodontal health among pregnant women in Pakistan are lacking. This research aimed to assess the periodontal health status and treatment needs among pregnant women in Pakistan. Methodology This study conducted at Multan Medical and Dental College in Multan, Pakistan, utilized a cross-sectional design over one year from January 2023 to December 2023. It enrolled 230 pregnant women from the prenatal care clinic, employing strict inclusion and exclusion criteria to ensure data integrity. Data collection involved a systematic questionnaire and clinical examination by qualified dental practitioners, covering demographic details, obstetric history, dental hygiene habits, and periodontal health parameters. Statistical analysis included descriptive statistics, chi-square tests, and logistic regression to evaluate periodontal health status determinants. Results This study, comprising 230 participants, delineates key demographic and periodontal health indicators. Notably, the age group between 26 and 30 years made up the greatest percentage (n = 87, 37.83%), followed by the age group between 18 and 25 years (n = 58, 25.22%). The chi-square test showed a significant association between age and periodontal health (χ² = 8.23, df = 3, p = 0.041). University-educated participants showed decreased periodontal risks (odds ratio = 0.51, p = 0.037), with education level also emerging as a significant factor (χ² = 12.76, df = 2, p = 0.002). Regarding dental hygiene, 44.35% of people brushed twice a day, and 27.83% flossed every day. Periodontal data revealed that 53.04% of individuals had gingivitis and that the mean probing depth was 3.22 mm. Scaling and root planing were the most requested therapy (50.00%). Conclusions This study provides valuable insights into the periodontal health status and treatment needs of pregnant women in Pakistan. Investigative analyses including chi-square tests and logistic regression identified significant associations between demographic factors, oral hygiene practices, and periodontal health outcomes among pregnant women in Pakistan, emphasizing the need for tailored interventions to enhance maternal and child health.
背景 与妊娠相关的牙周健康对母婴健康至关重要，并会影响分娩结局。然而，巴基斯坦孕妇牙周健康的综合数据匮乏。本研究旨在评估巴基斯坦孕妇的牙周健康状况和治疗需求。
方法 本研究在巴基斯坦木尔坦的木尔坦医学与牙科学院开展，采用2023年1月至2023年12月为期一年的横断面设计。它从产前护理诊所招募了230名孕妇，采用严格的纳入和排除标准以确保数据完整性。数据收集包括由合格的牙科医生进行系统的问卷调查和临床检查，涵盖人口统计学细节、产科病史、口腔卫生习惯和牙周健康参数。统计分析包括描述性统计、卡方检验和逻辑回归，以评估牙周健康状况的决定因素。
结果 本研究包括230名参与者，描绘了关键的人口统计学和牙周健康指标。值得注意的是，26至30岁年龄组占比最大（n = 87，37.83%），其次是18至25岁年龄组（n = 58，25.22%）。卡方检验显示年龄与牙周健康之间存在显著关联（χ² = 8.23，自由度 = 3，p = 0.041）。受过大学教育的参与者牙周风险降低（比值比 = 0.51，p = 0.037），教育水平也是一个显著因素（χ² = 12.76，自由度 = 2，p = 0.002）。关于口腔卫生，44.35%的人每天刷牙两次，27.83%的人每天使用牙线。牙周数据显示，53.04%的人患有牙龈炎，平均探诊深度为3.22毫米。龈上洁治和根面平整是最常被要求的治疗方法（50.00%）。
结论 本研究为巴基斯坦孕妇的牙周健康状况和治疗需求提供了有价值的见解。包括卡方检验和逻辑回归在内的调查分析确定了巴基斯坦孕妇的人口统计学因素、口腔卫生习惯和牙周健康结果之间的显著关联，强调需要采取针对性干预措施以改善母婴健康。
