Dimlich R V
Ann Emerg Med. 1985 Feb;14(2):91-6. doi: 10.1016/s0196-0644(85)81067-2.
The present study was undertaken to determine the effect of exogenous histamine and histamine blockers on blood glucose and hepatic glycogen in the rat. Forty-one nonfasted male Sprague-Dawley rats that had been anesthetized with intraperitoneal injections of urethane were injected intravenously (femoral) with histamine (10 mg/kg) five minutes after pretreatment with Ringer's solution (control), diphenhydramine (1 mg/kg) (H-1 blocker); metiamide (1 mg/kg) (H-2 blocker); or a combination of these blockers. Mean arterial pressure (carotid), blood glucose, and hepatic glycogen were measured. Within 30 minutes, histamine evoked a significant increase in blood glucose, and a decrease in hepatic glycogen, and a reduction in blood pressure. However, rats treated with the H-2 blocker metiamide or with a combination of H-1 and H-2 blockers did not show as significant a hypotensive response as rats treated with the H-1 blocker diphenhydramine alone. The hyperglycemic-glycogenolytic response to histamine was modified by diphenhydramine as well as by a combination of blockers, but not by metiamide alone. These results suggest that a) the hypotension did not initiate the hyperglycemic and glycogenolytic response; b) the H-2 blocker metiamide has little effect on the hyperglycemic response to exogenous histamine; and c) the H-1 blocker diphenhydramine may have antihyperglycemic properties.
本研究旨在确定外源性组胺和组胺阻滞剂对大鼠血糖和肝糖原的影响。41只未禁食的雄性Sprague-Dawley大鼠经腹腔注射乌拉坦麻醉后，在预先用林格氏液（对照）、苯海拉明（1 mg/kg）（H-1阻滞剂）、甲硫咪特（1 mg/kg）（H-2阻滞剂）或这些阻滞剂联合预处理5分钟后，经静脉（股静脉）注射组胺（10 mg/kg）。测量平均动脉压（颈动脉）、血糖和肝糖原。在30分钟内，组胺引起血糖显著升高、肝糖原减少和血压降低。然而，用H-2阻滞剂甲硫咪特或H-1和H-2阻滞剂联合处理的大鼠，其降压反应不如单独用H-1阻滞剂苯海拉明处理的大鼠显著。组胺引起的高血糖-糖原分解反应受到苯海拉明以及阻滞剂联合处理的影响，但不受单独甲硫咪特的影响。这些结果表明：a）低血压并未引发高血糖和糖原分解反应；b）H-2阻滞剂甲硫咪特对外源性组胺引起的高血糖反应影响很小；c）H-1阻滞剂苯海拉明可能具有抗高血糖特性。
