Rottmann Felix A, Glück Christian, Kaier Klaus, Bemtgen Xavier, Supady Alexander, von Zur Mühlen Constantin, Westermann Dirk, Wengenmayer Tobias, Staudacher Dawid L
Department of Medicine IV Nephrology and Primary Care, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Interdisciplinary Medical Intensive Care, Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.
Clin Res Cardiol. 2024 Aug 26. doi: 10.1007/s00392-024-02494-3.
To investigate the burden of disease of myocarditis in Germany and identify similarities and differences in myocarditis with or without COVID-19.
All patients hospitalized with myocarditis in Germany were included in this nationwide retrospective analysis. Data were retrieved from the Federal Statistical Office of Germany (DESTATIS) for the years from 2007 to 2022. The primary endpoint was hospital mortality.
A total of 88,159 patients hospitalized with myocarditis were analyzed. Annual cases increased from 5100 in 2007 to 6593 in 2022 (p < 0.001 for trend) with higher incidence during winter months. Incidence per 100,000 inhabitants was 6.2 in 2007 rising to 7.8 in 2022 (p < 0.001 for trend). Hospital mortality remained constant at an average of 2.44% (p = 0.164 for trend). From 2020 to 2022, 1547/16,229 (9.53%) patients were hospitalized with both, myocarditis and COVID-19 (incidence 0.62/100,000 inhabitants and 180/100,000 hospitalizations with COVID-19). These patients differed significantly in most patient characteristics and had a higher rate of hospital mortality compared to myocarditis without COVID-19 (12.54% vs. 2.26%, respectively, p < 0.001).
Myocarditis hospitalizations were slowly rising over the past 16 years with hospital mortality remaining unchanged. Incidence of hospitalizations with combined myocarditis and COVID-19 was low, but hospital mortality was high.
调查德国心肌炎的疾病负担，并确定合并或不合并新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）的心肌炎的异同。
纳入德国所有因心肌炎住院的患者进行这项全国性回顾性分析。数据取自德国联邦统计局（DESTATIS）2007年至2022年的数据。主要终点是医院死亡率。
共分析了88159例因心肌炎住院的患者。年病例数从2007年的5100例增加到2022年的6593例（趋势p<0.001），冬季发病率更高。每10万居民中的发病率从2007年的6.2上升到2022年的7.8（趋势p<0.001）。医院死亡率保持不变，平均为2.44%（趋势p=0.164）。2020年至2022年，1547/16229（9.53%）的患者同时因心肌炎和COVID-19住院（发病率为0.62/10万居民，每10万例COVID-19住院病例中有180例）。这些患者在大多数患者特征上有显著差异，与未合并COVID-19的心肌炎相比，医院死亡率更高（分别为l2.54%和2.26%，p<0.001）。
在过去16年中，心肌炎住院人数缓慢上升，医院死亡率保持不变。合并心肌炎和COVID-19的住院发病率较低，但医院死亡率较高。
