Northeast States for Coordinated Air Use Management, Boston, MA, USA.
Air Resources Division, New Hampshire Department of Environmental Services, Concord, NH, USA.
J Air Waste Manag Assoc. 2024 Nov;74(11):804-819. doi: 10.1080/10962247.2024.2396400. Epub 2024 Sep 10.
Using a high-resolution, 1.33 km by 1.33 km coupled Weather Research and Forecasting-Community Multi-scale Air Quality Model (WRF-CMAQ), we quantify the impact of emissions of nitrogen oxides (NOx) from high energy demand day (HEDD) electricity generating units (EGU) and onroad vehicles on ambient ozone air quality in the Long Island Sound Tropospheric Ozone Study (LISTOS) region covering New York City (NYC); Long Island, NY; coastal Connecticut; and neighboring areas. We test sensitivity scenarios to quantify HEDD EGU NOx contributions to ozone: (1) zero out HEDD EGU emissions, (2) dispatch HEDD EGUs starting with the lowest NOx emitting units first, (3) reduce onroad emissions by 90%, (4) combine zero out HEDD EGU emissions and reducing onroad emissions by 90%, and (5) dispatch HEDD EGUs starting with the lowest emitting units coupled with a reduction in onroad emissions by 90%. Results determine that HEDD EGUs lead to highly localized impacts on ambient concentrations of ozone while onroad emission reductions lead to large-scale regional concentration impacts. Further, reducing onroad emissions by 90% leads to spatially smaller VOC-limited regions and spatially larger transitional and NO-limited regions around NYC. Despite the limited scale at which the EGU emission reductions occur, modifying HEDD EGU NO emissions still provides substantial benefits in reducing ozone concentrations in the region, particularly at elevated ozone concentrations above 70 ppb. High-resolution coupled meteorology-chemistry modeling was used to quantify the impacts of high energy demand day (HEDD) electricity generating units (EGUs) and onroad transportation emissions changes on ozone air quality in the LISTOS region. Despite being highly localized and variable, HEDD EGUs NO emissions sensitivity tests led to quantifiable changes in ozone. Further, reducing onroad emissions by 90% produced large decreases in ozone concentrations and led to a more NO-sensitive ozone photochemical regime. With a transition to greater NO-sensitivity, urban NO-titration weakens and ozone is more likely to decline with the removal of additional NO from sources like HEDD EGUs.
利用高分辨率的 1.33 公里乘 1.33 公里的耦合天气研究和预报-社区多尺度空气质量模型（WRF-CMAQ），我们量化了高能需求日（HEDD）发电单元（EGU）和道路车辆排放的氮氧化物（NOx）对长岛对流层臭氧研究（LISTOS）区域环境臭氧空气质量的影响，该区域覆盖纽约市（NYC）；长岛，NY；康涅狄格州沿海地区；以及邻近地区。我们测试了敏感性情景，以量化 HEDD EGU NOx 对臭氧的贡献：（1）将 HEDD EGU 排放量清零，（2）从排放 NOx 最少的机组开始调度 HEDD EGUs，（3）将道路排放量减少 90%，（4）将 HEDD EGU 排放量清零并将道路排放量减少 90%，以及（5）从排放 NOx 最少的机组开始调度 HEDD EGUs，并将道路排放量减少 90%。结果表明，HEDD EGUs 导致环境臭氧浓度的高度局部影响，而道路减排导致大规模区域浓度影响。此外，将道路排放量减少 90%会导致在 NYC 周围形成空间较小的 VOC 限制区域和空间较大的过渡和 NO 限制区域。尽管 EGU 减排的规模有限，但修改 HEDD EGU 的 NO 排放仍可大大降低该地区的臭氧浓度，特别是在 70 ppb 以上的高臭氧浓度下。高分辨率耦合气象化学模型用于量化高能需求日（HEDD）发电单元（EGU）和道路交通排放变化对 LISTOS 地区臭氧空气质量的影响。尽管 HEDD EGUs 的 NO 排放敏感性测试具有高度的局部性和可变性，但仍导致臭氧发生可量化的变化。此外，将道路排放量减少 90%会大大降低臭氧浓度，并导致更敏感的 NO 臭氧光化学反应机制。随着向更大的 NO 敏感性转变，城市 NO 滴定作用减弱，随着从 HEDD EGU 等源中去除更多的 NO，臭氧更有可能下降。
