Biotechnology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Microbiology Program, Department of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, BRAC University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.
Int J Radiat Biol. 2024;100(10):1405-1415. doi: 10.1080/09553002.2024.2391813. Epub 2024 Aug 26.
The incident of Chernobyl Nuclear Power Plant (CNPP) explosion has pioneered a plethora of studies unfolding various biological effects of radiation stress on several living systems. Determining radiation dose rates at which both acute and chronic biological effects occur in different biological systems will aid in the ex-situ generation of radiation-tolerant organisms. So far, the accumulation of data on different radiation doses from Chernobyl area demonstrating various biological impacts has not been documented altogether vastly. Therefore, this review aims to document the recorded doses in CNPP over the years at which different biological changes have been observed in plants, soil, aquatic organisms, birds, and animals. A total of 72 peer-reviewed papers obtained from PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, and Research4life were included in this review. A few factors have come under attention in this review. Firstly, plant and soil systems combinedly showed the most published studies after the catastrophe where plants showed a higher frequency of DNA methylation in their genome to resist radiation stress. Secondly, reduced species abundance, chromosomal aberrations, increased sterility, and mortality were mostly observed in the aftermath of Chernobyl catastrophe among plants, soil, aquatic organisms, birds, and small mammals. Furthermore, major scares of data after 2018 were prominently observed. Very few studies on radiation dose levels after 2018 are available. Hence, a major research area has emerged for radiation biologists to study present radiation levels and any genetic changes in the recent generation of the original victim species. This will help provide a standard dataset that can act as a reference resource for radiation biologists and future research on the impact of both acute and chronic radiation on the different biological systems.
切尔诺贝利核电站（CNPP）爆炸事件开创了大量研究，揭示了辐射应激对各种生命系统的多种生物学效应。确定不同生物系统中急性和慢性生物效应发生的辐射剂量率，将有助于产生辐射耐受生物。到目前为止，切尔诺贝利地区不同辐射剂量的数据积累，展示了各种生物学影响，尚未得到全面记录。因此，本综述旨在记录 CNPP 多年来的记录剂量，观察到植物、土壤、水生生物、鸟类和动物发生了不同的生物学变化。本综述共纳入了来自 PubMed、Google Scholar、Scopus 和 Research4life 的 72 篇同行评议论文。本综述关注了几个因素。首先，植物和土壤系统在灾难后显示出了最多的研究，其中植物在其基因组中显示出更高频率的 DNA 甲基化以抵抗辐射应激。其次，在切尔诺贝利灾难后，植物、土壤、水生生物、鸟类和小型哺乳动物中观察到物种丰度降低、染色体畸变、不育性增加和死亡率增加。此外，还明显观察到 2018 年后的数据大幅减少。在 2018 年后，关于辐射剂量水平的研究很少。因此，辐射生物学家出现了一个主要的研究领域，研究当前的辐射水平以及原始受害物种最近几代的任何遗传变化。这将有助于提供一个标准数据集，作为辐射生物学家和未来对不同生物系统的急性和慢性辐射影响的研究的参考资源。
