Dabrowski B, Ulanowicz G, Brzozka Z, Zuchowska A
Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland.
Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Poland.
Environ Toxicol Pharmacol. 2024 Sep;110:104541. doi: 10.1016/j.etap.2024.104541. Epub 2024 Aug 24.
Graphene oxide, due to its unique properties, has several potential applications in biomedicine, especially as a drug carrier. Despite emerging studies on its cytotoxicity and uptake into cells, there are still gaps in knowledge on this area. When analyzing the internalization of nanomaterials, many different factors must be considered, including particle size, surface modifications, and interactions with biological fluids that can change their properties. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of graphene oxide fractions in different sizes and samples incubated in human serum on endothelial cells (HUVECs). In addition, the study was conducted in both macroscale and microscale using Cell-on-a-Chip technology to better replicate in vivo conditions. Our findings indicate that samples incubated with serum reduce the efficiency of fraction uptake into cells. It was also observed that the uptake efficiency of graphene oxide (GO) fractions is higher in the microscale (in more real to in vivo environment) compared to the macroscale. Our research has shown that in order to determine the correct interaction of new materials into mammalian cells, it is necessary to take into account many different biochemical and physical factors.
氧化石墨烯因其独特的性质，在生物医学领域有多种潜在应用，尤其是作为药物载体。尽管已有关于其细胞毒性和细胞摄取的研究不断涌现，但该领域仍存在知识空白。在分析纳米材料的内化过程时，必须考虑许多不同因素，包括粒径、表面修饰以及与生物流体的相互作用，这些相互作用可能会改变其性质。在本研究中，我们评估了不同尺寸的氧化石墨烯组分以及在人血清中孵育的样品对内皮细胞（人脐静脉内皮细胞）的影响。此外，该研究在宏观和微观尺度上均使用芯片上的细胞技术进行，以更好地模拟体内条件。我们的研究结果表明，与血清孵育的样品会降低组分摄取到细胞中的效率。还观察到，与宏观尺度相比，氧化石墨烯（GO）组分在微观尺度（更接近体内环境）的摄取效率更高。我们的研究表明，为了确定新材料与哺乳动物细胞的正确相互作用，有必要考虑许多不同的生化和物理因素。
