Department of Pathology, Division of Medical Microbiology, Stellenbosch University, Stellenbosch, South Africa.
TASK, Cape Town, South Africa.
Sci Rep. 2024 Aug 26;14(1):19747. doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-70183-2.
Staphylococci are responsible for a wide range of infections in animals. The most common species infecting animals include Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus intermedius. Recent increases in antibiotic use and antibiotic resistance in animals highlight the need to understand the potential role of commercial livestock as a reservoir of staphylococci and antibiotic resistance genes. Nasal swabs were collected from 143 apparently healthy pigs and 21 pig farm workers, and 45 environmental swabs of feed and water troughs, from two commercial pig farms in the Western Cape, South Africa. Staphylococci were isolated, identified using mass-spectrometry, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing and Illumina whole genome sequencing were performed. One hundred and eighty-five (185) Staphylococcus spp. isolates were obtained, with Mammalicoccus sciuri (n = 57; 31%) being the most common, followed by S. hyicus (n = 40; 22%) and S. aureus (n = 29; 16%). S. epidermidis was predominantly identified in the farm workers (n = 18; 86%). Tetracycline resistance was observed across all species, with rates ranging from 67 to 100%. Majority of M. sciuri isolates (n = 40; 70%) were methicillin resistant, with 78% (n = 31) harbouring mecA. M. sciuri isolates had genes/elements which were associated with SCCmec_type_III (3A) and SCCmec_type_VIII(4A) and were mostly observed in ST61 strains. ST239 strains were associated with SCCmec_type_III(3A). High rates of tetracycline resistance were identified among staphylococci in the pig farms in Western Cape, South Africa. This highlights the need for policy makers to regulate the use of this antibiotic in pig farming.
葡萄球菌可引起动物的多种感染。感染动物的最常见菌种包括金黄色葡萄球菌、表皮葡萄球菌和中间葡萄球菌。最近动物中抗生素的使用和抗生素耐药性不断增加，这突出表明需要了解商业牲畜作为葡萄球菌和抗生素耐药基因储库的潜在作用。从南非西开普省的两个商业养猪场的 143 头貌似健康的猪和 21 名养猪场工人中采集鼻拭子，以及 45 份饲料和饮水槽的环境拭子。分离葡萄球菌，使用质谱法鉴定，并进行抗生素敏感性测试和 Illumina 全基因组测序。从两个商业养猪场共获得 185 株葡萄球菌，其中Mammalicoccus sciuri（n=57；31%）最常见，其次是猪葡萄球菌（n=40；22%）和金黄色葡萄球菌（n=29；16%）。表皮葡萄球菌主要在养猪场工人中发现（n=18；86%）。所有菌种均观察到四环素耐药，耐药率为 67%至 100%。大多数M.sciuri 分离株（n=40；70%）对甲氧西林耐药，其中 78%（n=31）携带 mecA。M.sciuri 分离株携带与 SCCmec_type_III（3A）和 SCCmec_type_VIII（4A）相关的基因/元件，主要存在于 ST61 株中。ST239 株与 SCCmec_type_III（3A）相关。南非西开普省养猪场的葡萄球菌中发现了高比例的四环素耐药性。这突显了决策者需要规范在养猪业中使用这种抗生素。
