Yihune Endalamaw, Addisu Solomon
Department of Biology College of Science Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
Department of Natural Resources Management College of Agriculture and Environmental Science Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.
ScientificWorldJournal. 2024 Aug 19;2024:9945257. doi: 10.1155/2024/9945257. eCollection 2024.
Floriculture is a new and rapidly expanding sector in Ethiopia that aids economic growth but has also come under blame for pollution of the surrounding soil. The purpose of this study was to assess the soil physicochemical properties and heavy metal contents in floriculture in the Amhara Region of Northwest Ethiopia. Soil samples were collected from seven different greenhouses (2ABC, 4DEF, 5ABC, 7DEF, 8ABC, 9DEF, and 11DEF), and a control soil sample was taken on the 15-cm depth from a nearby agricultural area. They were analyzed for soil physicochemical parameters and heavy metal compositions. Soil texture showed a significant difference between the soils sampled from the greenhouses and the control group. The highest average clay, silt, and sand contents were recorded in the control group, 4DEF, and 9DEF, respectively. The lower clay content was at 9 DEF, silt at 11 DEF, and sand in the control group. Clay was positively correlated to soil pH ( = 0.66) and TN ( = 0.38) but showed significant negative correlation with the sand fraction ( = -0.96). The average bulk density (BD) values of the soils from the greenhouses were within acceptable ranges; however, the mean BD value of 7DEF was relatively highest (1.34 g/cm). There were significant ( < 0.05) changes in soil pH and electrical conductivity, with pH values ranging from 5.8 to 7.17 and EC from 0.08 to 1.72 mScm. Soil organic carbon, available phosphorus, total nitrogen, and carbon-to-nitrogen ratio of the soil samples from the greenhouses and the control group were significantly different. There were also significant differences in soil exchangeable aluminum and acidity between greenhouse soil samples and the control group. Soil contents of some of the heavy metals (Pb, Cd, Mn, and Cu) in the floriculture soil were above the permissible limits, while Cr, Zn, and Ni contents were below. The soil in floriculture showed low quality compared to the control group and international standards, indicating the need for improved soil quality management. This study recommends reducing agrochemical use, increasing bio-fertilizers, using botanicals, and transitioning to organic farming. Further studies are needed to assess soil microbial diversity and abundance for soil fixation.
花卉种植在埃塞俄比亚是一个新兴且迅速扩张的领域，它有助于经济增长，但也因对周边土壤的污染而受到指责。本研究的目的是评估埃塞俄比亚西北部阿姆哈拉地区花卉种植土壤的理化性质和重金属含量。从七个不同的温室（2ABC、4DEF、5ABC、7DEF、8ABC、9DEF和11DEF）采集土壤样本，并从附近农业区域15厘米深处采集对照土壤样本。对它们进行了土壤理化参数和重金属成分分析。温室采样土壤与对照组土壤质地存在显著差异。对照组、4DEF和9DEF分别记录到最高的平均黏土、粉砂和砂含量。黏土含量较低的是9DEF，粉砂含量较低的是11DEF，砂含量较低的是对照组。黏土与土壤pH值（r = 0.66）和总氮（r = 0.38）呈正相关，但与砂粒部分呈显著负相关（r = -0.96）。温室土壤的平均容重（BD）值在可接受范围内；然而，7DEF的平均BD值相对最高（1.34 g/cm³）。土壤pH值和电导率有显著（P < 0.05）变化，pH值范围为5.8至7.17，电导率范围为0.08至1.72 mS/cm。温室和对照组土壤样本的土壤有机碳、有效磷、总氮以及碳氮比存在显著差异。温室土壤样本与对照组在土壤交换性铝和酸度方面也存在显著差异。花卉种植土壤中一些重金属（铅、镉、锰和铜）的含量高于允许限值，而铬、锌和镍的含量低于限值。与对照组和国际标准相比，花卉种植土壤质量较低，表明需要改善土壤质量管理。本研究建议减少农用化学品的使用，增加生物肥料，使用植物制剂，并向有机农业转型。需要进一步研究评估土壤微生物多样性和丰度以进行土壤修复。
