Ghelichli Maryam, Rajabi Abdolhalim, Mirsaeedi Niyayesh, Mohammadi Masoud, Sohrabi Sina, Darabi Niloufar
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Health Management and Social Development Research Center, Faculty of Health, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.
Dent Res J (Isfahan). 2024 Jul 12;21:34. eCollection 2024.
Clinical decision-making and biomedical research heavily rely on imaging techniques to visualize tissue morphology. To examine tissues in detail, it is necessary to use special histochemical stains to enhance contrast. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the sensitivity and specificity of these stains in diagnosing oral pathologic specimens. We conducted a search in 8 databases, including EMBASE, PubMed, Web of Science, Scopus, ProQuest, Ovid, Cinahl, and Cochrane, up to June 2022. Of 87,393 studies, 41 articles were selected for inclusion in our study. The results revealed that the specificity and sensitivity of the special histochemical stains were 86% with confidence interval (CI) 95%: 80%-90% and 83% with CI 95%: 75%-89%, respectively. Among the stains evaluated, toluidine blue, Papanicolaou, silver stain, Giemsa, Gram, feulgen, and periodic acid-Schiff (PAS) were the most frequently used for the detection of malignancy, premalignant lesions, dysplasia, and candidiasis. The specificity and sensitivity of each stain were analyzed individually, considering the type of specimen. Toluidine blue was the most commonly utilized special histochemical stain, particularly effective, for detecting malignancy, with a specificity of 97% with CI 95%: 88%-99% and sensitivity of 76% with CI 95%: 56%-89%. In conclusion, special histochemical stains are effective in diagnosing oral lesions, exhibiting reasonable specificity and sensitivity, especially in cases of premalignant and malignant lesions. Based on the reviewed articles in our study, the silver stain was identified as highly sensitive, while Giemsa and Papanicolaou stain exhibited the highest specificity.
临床决策和生物医学研究严重依赖成像技术来观察组织形态。为了详细检查组织，有必要使用特殊的组织化学染色来增强对比度。本荟萃分析旨在评估这些染色在诊断口腔病理标本中的敏感性和特异性。我们在8个数据库中进行了检索，包括EMBASE、PubMed、Web of Science、Scopus、ProQuest、Ovid、Cinahl和Cochrane，检索截至2022年6月。在87393项研究中，41篇文章被选入我们的研究。结果显示，特殊组织化学染色的特异性和敏感性分别为86%，95%置信区间（CI）：80%-90%和83%，95%CI：75%-89%。在所评估的染色中，甲苯胺蓝、巴氏染色、银染色、吉姆萨染色、革兰染色、富尔根染色和过碘酸-希夫（PAS）染色是检测恶性肿瘤、癌前病变、发育异常和念珠菌病最常用的染色。考虑到标本类型，对每种染色的特异性和敏感性进行了单独分析。甲苯胺蓝是最常用的特殊组织化学染色，对检测恶性肿瘤特别有效，特异性为97%，95%CI：88%-99%，敏感性为76%，95%CI：56%-89%。总之，特殊组织化学染色在诊断口腔病变方面是有效的，表现出合理的特异性和敏感性，尤其是在癌前和恶性病变的情况下。根据我们研究中综述的文章，银染色被确定为高度敏感，而吉姆萨染色和巴氏染色表现出最高的特异性。
