Zhu Shuaishuai, Wang Chenying, Meng Zhuo-Xian
Department of Pathology and Pathophysiology and Department of Cardiology of the Second Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310058, China.
Center for Reproductive Medicine, Department of Gynecology, Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital (Affiliated People's Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310014, China.
Metabol Open. 2024 Jul 31;23:100303. doi: 10.1016/j.metop.2024.100303. eCollection 2024 Sep.
Coffee berry extracts are anti-lipogenic and lipolytic. This study aims to investigate the effect and mechanism of coffee pulp on high-fat diet (HFD)-induced glucose and lipid metabolism disorder in mice.
The type 2 diabetes (T2D) mouse model was established by feeding the C57BL/6 J mice with HFD. Mice were administered with coffee pulp diluted in drinking water before or after the establishment of the T2D mouse model. After treatment, the body weight and fasting blood glucose (FBG) of mice were monitored; the intraperitoneal glucose tolerance test (IPGTT) of mice was performed; plasma insulin was determined by ELISA; serum total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG) and liver TG were determined by biochemical analysis; hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining was used to evaluate organ histomorphology. Gene expression of key genes in de novo lipogenesis (DNL) in the liver was examined by quantitative reverse transcription PCR (RT-qPCR).
Mice that consumed coffee pulp after modeling showed reduced FBG and liver TG, improved IPGTT, and alleviated fatty liver. Consuming coffee pulp before modeling prevented HFD-induced blood glucose and plasma TG increases. Mice consuming coffee pulp also had lower body fat and liver TG compared to the model group. qPCR results showed that the expression of transcription factors (Srebp1, PPARγ) and genes (Fasn, CideA, Plin3, Plin4, Plin5) related to DNL and lipid droplets (LD) formation in the liver of mice consuming coffee pulp were significantly lower than those of the control group.
Our study demonstrated that coffee pulp can attenuate HFD-induced disorders of glucose and lipid metabolism, and this effect may be related to the key pathways of lipid synthesis DNL and LD formation pathways in the liver.
咖啡浆果提取物具有抗脂肪生成和脂肪分解作用。本研究旨在探讨咖啡果肉对高脂饮食（HFD）诱导的小鼠葡萄糖和脂质代谢紊乱的影响及机制。
通过给C57BL/6 J小鼠喂食高脂饮食建立2型糖尿病（T2D）小鼠模型。在T2D小鼠模型建立之前或之后，给小鼠饮用稀释在水中的咖啡果肉。处理后，监测小鼠的体重和空腹血糖（FBG）；进行小鼠腹腔葡萄糖耐量试验（IPGTT）；通过酶联免疫吸附测定（ELISA）法测定血浆胰岛素；通过生化分析测定血清总胆固醇（TC）、甘油三酯（TG）和肝脏TG；采用苏木精-伊红（H&E）染色评估器官组织形态学。通过定量逆转录聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）检测肝脏中从头脂肪生成（DNL）关键基因的基因表达。
建模后食用咖啡果肉的小鼠空腹血糖和肝脏TG降低，腹腔葡萄糖耐量试验得到改善，脂肪肝得到缓解。建模前食用咖啡果肉可预防高脂饮食诱导的血糖和血浆甘油三酯升高。与模型组相比，食用咖啡果肉的小鼠体脂和肝脏TG也较低。qPCR结果显示，食用咖啡果肉的小鼠肝脏中与DNL和脂滴（LD）形成相关的转录因子（Srebp1、PPARγ）和基因（Fasn、CideA、Plin3、Plin4、Plin5）的表达明显低于对照组。
我们的研究表明，咖啡果肉可减轻高脂饮食诱导的葡萄糖和脂质代谢紊乱，这种作用可能与肝脏中脂质合成的关键途径DNL和脂滴形成途径有关。
