Valero-Chillerón María Jesús, Soriano-Vidal Francisco Javier, Mena-Tudela Desirée, Cervera-Gasch Águeda, Vila-Candel Rafael, Llagostera-Reverter Irene, Andreu-Pejó Laura, Ortíz-Mallasén Víctor, González-Chordá Víctor Manuel
Nursing Research Group (GIENF Code 241), Nursing Department, Universitat Jaume I, 12071 Castellόn, Spain.
Joint Research Unit PECAWOL (Perinatal Care and Women's Health) FISABIO-UJI, 46020 Valencia, Spain.
Nurs Rep. 2024 Aug 9;14(3):1937-1947. doi: 10.3390/nursrep14030144.
The rate of six-month-old infants exclusively breastfed in Spain remains below the recommended rate. This study aimed to explore in detail the evolution of feeding during the first six months of life of a group of newborns, as well as to identify the reasons reported by the mothers for feeding change. A secondary analysis of two prospective longitudinal observational studies was conducted. In both studies, women participants, during the clinical puerperium, opted for exclusive breastfeeding for their newborns. The participants were followed up during the infants' first six months. A sample size of 314 participants was obtained, of which 77.1% ( = 232) were of Spanish origin, and 51% ( = 160) were primiparous. The prevalence of exclusive breastfeeding at six months was 55.4% ( = 174). During the first four months of life, the main reason for early abandonment of breastfeeding was the perception of insufficient milk production. After the fourth month, the predominant reason was starting work. Statistically significant differences were observed between the reasons for giving up and the total weeks of exclusive breastfeeding ( < 0.001) and total weeks of breastfeeding ( = 0.002). Early weaning from breastfeeding is a multifactorial phenomenon. However, depending on the moment cessation occurs, some reasons predominate over others and, in many cases, can be prevented. These results indicate the need to continue investing efforts to promote and protect breastfeeding in Spain.
西班牙六个月大纯母乳喂养婴儿的比例仍低于推荐比例。本研究旨在详细探讨一组新生儿出生后头六个月的喂养情况演变，以及确定母亲报告的喂养方式改变的原因。对两项前瞻性纵向观察性研究进行了二次分析。在这两项研究中，女性参与者在临床产褥期选择对其新生儿进行纯母乳喂养。在婴儿的头六个月对参与者进行随访。获得了314名参与者的样本量，其中77.1%（=232）为西班牙裔，51%（=160）为初产妇。六个月时纯母乳喂养的患病率为55.4%（=174）。在生命的前四个月，早期停止母乳喂养的主要原因是感觉乳汁分泌不足。在第四个月之后，主要原因是开始工作。在放弃母乳喂养的原因与纯母乳喂养的总周数（<0.001）和母乳喂养的总周数（=0.002）之间观察到统计学上的显著差异。早期断奶是一个多因素现象。然而，根据停止的时间点，一些原因比其他原因更占主导，并且在许多情况下是可以预防的。这些结果表明，在西班牙需要继续努力促进和保护母乳喂养。
