College of Biological and Chemical Engineering, Zhe Jiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China.
Key Laboratory of Agro-products Chemistry and Bioprocessing Technology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang University of Science and Technology, Hangzhou, China.
J Sep Sci. 2024 Aug;47(16):e2400337. doi: 10.1002/jssc.202400337.
Sample pretreatment technology is crucial for drug analysis and detection, because the effect of sample pretreatment directly determinates the final analysis results. In recent years, with the continuous innovation of microextraction and other technologies like material preparation technologies and assistant technologies for extraction, the sample pretreatment techniques in the process of drug analysis have become more and more mature and diverse. This article takes amphetamine (AM) or methamphetamine as an example to review the recent development of pretreatment methods for AM-containing biological samples from the perspectives of extraction techniques, extraction media and auxiliary technologies. Extraction techniques are summarized with the categories of contact microextraction, separate microextraction and membrane-based microextraction for better guidance of application according to their features. Prevailing and innovative extraction media including carbon-based material, silicon-based material, metal organic framework, molecularly selective materials, supramolecular solvents and ionic liquids are reviewed. Auxiliary technologies like magnetic field, electric field, microwave, ultrasound and so on which can enhance extraction efficiency and accuracy are also reviewed. In the last, prospects of the future development of pretreatment technology for the analysis of AM biological samples are provided.
样品前处理技术对于药物分析和检测至关重要，因为样品前处理的效果直接决定了最终的分析结果。近年来，随着微萃取等技术的不断创新以及材料制备技术和萃取辅助技术的发展，药物分析过程中的样品前处理技术变得越来越成熟和多样化。本文以苯丙胺（AM）或甲基苯丙胺为例，从萃取技术、萃取介质和辅助技术等方面综述了含 AM 生物样品的预处理方法的最新进展。根据其特点，萃取技术被总结为接触微萃取、分离微萃取和基于膜的微萃取等类别，以便更好地指导应用。综述了包括碳基材料、硅基材料、金属有机骨架、分子选择材料、超分子溶剂和离子液体在内的流行和创新的萃取介质。还综述了磁场、电场、微波、超声等可以提高萃取效率和准确性的辅助技术。最后，对 AM 生物样品分析的预处理技术未来发展前景进行了展望。
