Hadlington Terrance J
Fakultät für Chemie, Technische Universität München, Lichtenbergstraße 4, 85748 Garching bei München, Germany.
Chem Soc Rev. 2024 Sep 30;53(19):9718-9737. doi: 10.1039/d4cs00497c.
Since the dawn of organometallic chemistry, transition metal complexes of unsaturated organic molecules, namely π-complexes, have remained a central focus: our thorough understanding of the electronic nature of such species, and their importance in countless reactive processes continues to drive research in their synthesis and utilisation. Since the late 1900s, research regarding the related chemistry for the heavier group 14 elements has become increasingly more fervent. Today, heavier congeners of a vast array of classical π-complexes have been realised, from alkene to arene systems, involving Si, Ge, Sn, and Pb. This has given deeper insights into the bonding observed for these heavier elements, which typically involves a lessened degree of π-bonding and an increased polarisation. This review aims to summarise this field, identifying these disparities, and highlighting areas which we believe may be exciting for future exploration.
自有机金属化学诞生以来，不饱和有机分子的过渡金属配合物，即π配合物，一直是核心研究对象：我们对这类物种电子性质的深入理解，以及它们在无数反应过程中的重要性，持续推动着其合成与应用方面的研究。自20世纪后期以来，关于较重的第14族元素相关化学的研究愈发热烈。如今，从烯烃到芳烃体系，已实现了大量经典π配合物的较重同系物，涉及硅、锗、锡和铅。这为这些较重元素的成键提供了更深入的见解，其通常涉及π键程度的降低和极化的增加。本综述旨在总结该领域，识别这些差异，并突出我们认为未来可能令人兴奋的探索领域。
