Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, 137 Liyushan South Road, Urumqi, 830054, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, China.
Int Ophthalmol. 2024 Aug 27;44(1):357. doi: 10.1007/s10792-024-03284-6.
Glaucoma is a public health problem among the worldwide population. Dietary as a modifiable factor have been reported to be associated with glaucoma. This study aimed to explore the association between quantity and quality of carbohydrate (CH) intake and glaucoma among U.S. adults.
In this cross-sectional study, data of participants aged ≥ 40 years old were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) 2005-2008. CH intake information were obtained by 24-h dietary recall interview. Glaucoma was defined by regraded disc images. Covariates included demographic information, physical examination, laboratory values, complications and nutrients intake. The weighted univariable and multivariate logistic regression models were used to assess the association between the quantity and quality of CH intake and glaucoma. Subgroup analyses based on the history of hypertension were further assessed the association.
The weighted population included a total of 4789 participants, of whom 119 (2.48%) had glaucoma. After adjusting for age, adrenal cortical steroids, hypertension, chronic kidney diseases, diabetes and energy intake, high quantity (OR = 1.83, 95%CI: 1.08-3.11) and low quality (OR = 0.44, 95CI%: 0.20-0.98) of CH intake were associated with the higher odds of glaucoma. High quantity of CH intake (OR = 2.06, 95%CI: 1.15-3.69) was associated with the high odds of glaucoma in hypertension, while high quality of CH intake (fiber-to-CH ratio: OR = 0.23, 95%CI: 0.06-0.82; CH-to-fiber and fiber-to-added sugars ratio: OR = 0.10, 95%CI: 0.02-0.53) were associated with the lower odds of glaucoma in participants without hypertension.
In NAHNES 2005-2008, higher quantity and lower quality CH intake were associated with the high odds of glaucoma, especially among patients without hypertension. This study provides a theoretical basis for the health management of glaucoma patients from the perspective of dietary intake.
青光眼是全球范围内的一个公共卫生问题。有报道称，饮食作为一个可改变的因素与青光眼有关。本研究旨在探讨美国成年人碳水化合物（CH）摄入量的数量和质量与青光眼之间的关系。
在这项横断面研究中，从 2005-2008 年国家健康和营养检查调查（NHANES）中提取了年龄≥40 岁的参与者的数据。通过 24 小时膳食回忆访谈获得 CH 摄入量信息。青光眼的定义是通过重新分级的视盘图像。协变量包括人口统计学信息、体格检查、实验室值、并发症和营养素摄入量。使用加权单变量和多变量逻辑回归模型来评估 CH 摄入量的数量和质量与青光眼之间的关系。进一步根据高血压史进行亚组分析来评估这种关联。
加权人群共包括 4789 名参与者，其中 119 名（2.48%）患有青光眼。在调整年龄、肾上腺皮质类固醇、高血压、慢性肾脏疾病、糖尿病和能量摄入后，高 CH 摄入量（OR=1.83，95%CI：1.08-3.11）和低 CH 摄入量（OR=0.44，95%CI%：0.20-0.98）与青光眼的高患病风险相关。高 CH 摄入量（OR=2.06，95%CI：1.15-3.69）与高血压患者的高患病风险相关，而高 CH 摄入量（纤维/CH 比：OR=0.23，95%CI：0.06-0.82；CH/纤维和纤维/添加糖比：OR=0.10，95%CI：0.02-0.53）与无高血压患者的低患病风险相关。
在 2005-2008 年 NHANES 中，较高的 CH 摄入量和较低的 CH 质量与较高的青光眼患病风险相关，尤其是在无高血压患者中。本研究从饮食摄入的角度为青光眼患者的健康管理提供了理论依据。
