Sport, Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, School of Allied Health, Human Services and Sport, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia.
Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry, La Trobe Institute for Molecular Science, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Melbourne, VIC 3086, Australia Insert Affiliation Text Here.
Essays Biochem. 2024 Nov 18;68(3):337-347. doi: 10.1042/EBC20240006.
Since its discovery over five decades ago, an emphasis on better understanding the structure and functional role of AMPK has been prevalent. In that time, the role of AMPK as a heterotrimeric enzyme that senses the energy state of various cell types has been established. Skeletal muscle is a dynamic, plastic tissue that adapts to both functional and metabolic demands of the human body, such as muscle contraction or exercise. With a deliberate focus on AMPK in skeletal muscle, this review places a physiological lens to the association of AMPK and glycogen that has been established biochemically. It discusses that, to date, no in vivo association of AMPK with glycogen has been shown and this is not altered with interventions, either by physiological or biochemical utilisation of glycogen in skeletal muscle. The reason for this is likely due to the persistent phosphorylation of Thr148 in the β-subunit of AMPK which prevents AMPK from binding to carbohydrate domains. This review presents the correlative data that suggests AMPK senses glycogen utilisation through a direct interaction with glycogen, the biochemical data showing that AMPK can bind carbohydrate in vitro, and highlights that in a physiological setting of rodent skeletal muscle, AMPK does not directly bind to glycogen.
自半个多世纪前发现 AMPK 以来，人们一直强调更好地理解 AMPK 的结构和功能作用。在此期间，AMPK 作为一种感应各种细胞类型能量状态的异三聚体酶的作用已经确立。骨骼肌是一种动态、可塑的组织，它适应人体的功能和代谢需求，如肌肉收缩或运动。本综述特别关注骨骼肌中的 AMPK，从生理学角度探讨了 AMPK 与糖原之间已经建立的生化联系。本文讨论了到目前为止，没有体内 AMPK 与糖原结合的证据，而且无论通过生理还是生化利用骨骼肌中的糖原，这种情况都不会改变。其原因可能是由于 AMPK 的β亚基的 Thr148 持续磷酸化，阻止了 AMPK 与碳水化合物结构域结合。本综述提供了相关数据，表明 AMPK 通过与糖原的直接相互作用来感知糖原的利用，生化数据表明 AMPK 可以在体外结合碳水化合物，并强调在啮齿动物骨骼肌的生理环境中，AMPK 不会直接与糖原结合。
