Escola Nacional de Saúde Pública Sergio Arouca, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Instituto Nacional de Saúde da Mulher, da Criança e do Adolescente Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil.
Cad Saude Publica. 2024 Aug 26;40(7):e00002524. doi: 10.1590/0102-311XEN002524. eCollection 2024.
Promoting socioemotional skills has been highlighted among the evidence to prevent suicidal behavior in childhood and adolescence. This review aimed to map and analyze national and international scientific papers on initiatives and programs for the prevention of suicidal behavior in adolescence based on the theoretical framework of socioemotional skills. It is a scoping review using the methodology proposed by the Joanna Briggs Institute. Eleven academic bibliographic databases were analyzed, and searches were conducted on institutional websites related to suicide prevention and Google. Papers in Portuguese, Spanish, French, and English from 2010 to July 2022 were included in the review, which consisted of 97 studies, analyzed through data matrix and thematic grouping. The results show that most are international and focused on suicide, not on self-harm alone. In general, they have an informational and instructional bias for professionals, institutions, and governments, proposed laws, programs and action plans, studies on the role of socioemotional skills and intervention research. Few strategies have been clearly tested and validated. The key elements are the ability to perceive, recognize, understand, express, and regulate one's own emotions, get motivated, and build empathy in relationships. Schools are key players in this process and the health system should act as a collaborative network. National and local prevention plans are required, emphasizing the role of schools, the health sector, and intersectoral coordination to promote health and quality of life.
促进社会情感技能已被强调为预防儿童和青少年自杀行为的证据之一。本综述旨在根据社会情感技能的理论框架，绘制和分析基于预防青少年自杀行为的倡议和项目的国家和国际科学论文。这是一项使用 Joanna Briggs 研究所提出的方法进行的范围综述。分析了 11 个学术文献数据库，并在与自杀预防相关的机构网站和谷歌上进行了搜索。本综述纳入了 2010 年至 2022 年 7 月的 97 项研究，通过数据矩阵和主题分组进行了分析。结果表明，大多数研究是国际性的，且专注于自杀，而不仅仅是自残。总体而言，它们对专业人员、机构和政府具有信息和教学偏见，提出了法律、计划和行动计划，以及关于社会情感技能作用和干预研究的研究。很少有策略得到明确测试和验证。关键要素是感知、识别、理解、表达和调节自己的情绪、获得动力以及在人际关系中建立同理心的能力。学校是这一过程的关键参与者，卫生系统应作为协作网络发挥作用。需要制定国家和地方预防计划，强调学校、卫生部门和部门间协调在促进健康和生活质量方面的作用。
