基于 CRISPR 的医疗诊断生物传感器：从依赖于检测的读出方法向肉眼检测方法的发展。
CRISPR-Based Biosensors for Medical Diagnosis: Readout from Detector-Dependence Detection Toward Naked Eye Detection.
机构信息
State Key Laboratory of Industrial Control Technology, Research Centre for Analytical Instrumentation, Institute of Cyber-Systems and Control, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
Academy of Edge Intelligence, Hangzhou City University, Hangzhou 310015, China.
出版信息
Biosensors (Basel). 2024 Jul 28;14(8):367. doi: 10.3390/bios14080367.
The detection of biomarkers (such as DNA, RNA, and protein) plays a vital role in medical diagnosis. The CRISPR-based biosensors utilize the CRISPR/Cas system for biometric recognition of targets and use biosensor strategy to read out biological signals without the employment of professional operations. Consequently, the CRISPR-based biosensors demonstrate great potential for the detection of biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity. However, the signal readout still relies on specialized detectors, limiting its application in on-site detection for medical diagnosis. In this review, we summarize the principles and advances of the CRISPR-based biosensors with a focus on medical diagnosis. Then, we review the advantages and progress of CRISPR-based naked eye biosensors, which can realize diagnosis without additional detectors for signal readout. Finally, we discuss the challenges and further prospects for the development of CRISPR-based biosensors.
生物标志物（如 DNA、RNA 和蛋白质）的检测在医学诊断中起着至关重要的作用。基于 CRISPR 的生物传感器利用 CRISPR/Cas 系统对目标进行生物识别，并使用生物传感器策略读取生物信号，而无需专业操作。因此，基于 CRISPR 的生物传感器在高灵敏度和特异性的生物标志物检测方面具有很大的潜力。然而，信号读出仍然依赖于专用的检测器，限制了其在医学诊断现场检测中的应用。在这篇综述中，我们总结了基于 CRISPR 的生物传感器的原理和进展，重点是医学诊断。然后，我们回顾了基于 CRISPR 的肉眼生物传感器的优点和进展，它可以实现无需额外检测器进行信号读出的诊断。最后，我们讨论了基于 CRISPR 的生物传感器发展所面临的挑战和进一步的前景。
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