Cheke Robert A, Hawkes Frances M, Carnaghi Manuela
Natural Resources Institute, University of Greenwich at Medway, Central Avenue, Chatham Maritime, Kent ME4 4TB, UK.
Insects. 2024 Aug 12;15(8):606. doi: 10.3390/insects15080606.
Blackfly members of the complex are major vectors of the parasite that causes onchocerciasis in Africa and Yemen, with other vector species involved in a few localized areas of Africa and in the Neotropics. Although the life cycle of these blackflies is linked to fast-flowing rivers, they can travel long distances (up to at least 500 km), calling into question how transmission zones are defined. Knowledge of the short- and long-range dispersal of these vectors could inform where control interventions and monitoring are necessary if targets for onchocerciasis elimination are to be met. Yet, research on blackfly dispersal has been limited and fragmented over the last 70 years. Here, we review the literature on the dispersal of onchocerciasis vectors, and we show the need for further research to establish how far larvae can travel downstream; the extent to which adults invade transmission zones; and whether adults migrate in a series of successive short movements or in single long-distance shifts, or use both methods.
该复合体中的蚋类是在非洲和也门导致盘尾丝虫病的寄生虫的主要传播媒介，在非洲的一些局部地区和新热带地区还有其他传播媒介物种。尽管这些蚋的生命周期与水流湍急的河流有关，但它们能够远距离飞行（至少可达500公里），这使得如何界定传播区域成了问题。如果要实现消除盘尾丝虫病的目标，了解这些传播媒介的短程和远程扩散情况有助于确定在哪些地方需要进行控制干预和监测。然而，在过去70年里，关于蚋扩散的研究一直有限且零散。在此，我们综述了关于盘尾丝虫病传播媒介扩散的文献，并表明有必要进一步开展研究，以确定幼虫能向下游游动多远；成虫侵入传播区域的程度；以及成虫是通过一系列连续的短距离移动、单次长距离迁移，还是两种方式兼用。
