Tang J, Pruess K, Cupp E W, Unnasch T R
Division of Geographic Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham 35294, USA.
Med Vet Entomol. 1996 Jul;10(3):228-34. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2915.1996.tb00735.x.
A subregion of the mitochondrial large subunit (16s) rRNA gene was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) from nine species of blackflies (Diptera: Simuliidae) which serve as natural or experimental vectors of human or bovine Onchocerca parasites. PCR products from each species of blackfly were tested by directed heteroduplex analysis (DHDA), and their genotypes established according to diagnostic banding patterns of the heteroduplex products. Three alleles of mitochondrial 16s rRNA were found to exist in members of the Simulium (Ewardsellum) damnosum sensu lato complex from West Africa, and two alleles were found in the Neotropical Simulium (Psilopelmia) ochraceum Walker complex and the Simulium (Simulium) metallicum Bellardi complex. Different single alleles were detected in Austrosimulium bancrofti, in English S.(S)noelleri and in two North American laboratory vectors: Simulium (Psilozia) vittatum Zetterstedt and S.(S.)decorum Walker. Phylogenetic analysis of 16s sequences indicated that blackflies from West Africa and the Americas formed distinct clades. Neotropical onchocerciasis vectors were found to be more closely related to Nearctic and Palaearctic non-vector Simulium species than to the African vectors of onchocerciasis.
通过聚合酶链反应（PCR）从九种蚋（双翅目：蚋科）中扩增出线粒体大亚基（16s）rRNA基因的一个亚区域，这些蚋是人类或牛盘尾丝虫寄生虫的天然或实验性传播媒介。对每种蚋的PCR产物进行定向异源双链分析（DHDA）测试，并根据异源双链产物的诊断条带模式确定其基因型。发现西非的宽足蚋（Ewardsellum）复合种的成员中存在三种线粒体16s rRNA等位基因，在新热带区的赭色蚋（Psilopelmia）沃克复合种和金属蚋（Simulium）贝拉尔迪复合种中发现了两种等位基因。在班氏澳蚋、英国的诺氏蚋（S.(S)noelleri）以及两种北美实验室传播媒介：带纹蚋（Psilozia）泽特施泰特和美丽蚋（S.(S.)decorum）沃克中检测到不同的单等位基因。对16s序列的系统发育分析表明，来自西非和美洲的蚋形成了不同的进化枝。发现新热带区的盘尾丝虫病传播媒介与新北区和古北区的非传播媒介蚋物种的关系比与非洲的盘尾丝虫病传播媒介的关系更密切。
